Unit. 5: Chapter 12, Personality

Question 1

Personality

Answer 1

Individuals unique constellation of consistent behavioural traits.

Question 2

Five Factor Model/Big five traits

Answer 2

Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness

Question 3

Neuroticism

Answer 3

Anxious, tense, low-in self esteem

Question 4

Extraversion

Answer 4

Sociable, assertiveness, activeness

Question 5

Openness to new experience

Answer 5

Innovative, problem solver

Question 6

Agreeableness

Answer 6

Willingness to cooperate & collaborate

Question 7

Conscientiousness

Answer 7

Reliability & ethical

Question 8

Behavioural Perspectives (3- S.B.M)

Answer 8

Skinner: Environmental (situational) consequences & conditioning shape behaviour

Bandura: Social learning theory

Mischel: Situational factors shape behaviour.

Question 9

Psychodynamic perspectives (3 F. J. A)

Answer 9

Freud: psychoanalytical theory(unconscious), ID-Ego-Superego, 3 levels of awareness, & psychosexual development.

Jung: Analytical psychology, (unconscious), collective(memories from ancestral past make-up personality)

Adler: Individual psychology, (social forces shape personality)

Question 10

Freuds levels of personality (I.E.Se)

Answer 10

ID: instinctive, pleasure pleasing principle
Ego: decision maker, reality principle
Superego: morals

Question 11

Freuds 3 levels of awareness (C.P.U)

Answer 11

Conscious: current awareness
Preconscious: just below level of awareness
Unconscious: well below level of awareness

Question 12

Psychosexual development (O.A.P.LG)

Answer 12

Oral: eating, biting, chewing
Anal: toilet training- crucial, may affect adult life
Phallic: genital awareness, Oedipal complex
Latency/Genital: Sexual urges, maturing.

Question 13

Humanistic Perspective

Answer 13

Carl Rogers theory: “person-centered theory”

• Self-concept
• Incongruence

Question 14

Self-Concept

Answer 14

Collection of subjective beliefs of ones own nature

Question 15

Maslow’s theory, Hierarchal needs

Answer 15

Basic needs come before less important needs.

-Self-actualization

Question 16

Biological perspective

Answer 16

Eysenk’s theory

• Introversion/extraversion
• Genetics (twin studies) determine personality

Question 17

Evolutionary (2 B. N)

Answer 17

Buss: Natural selection and adaptability has created Big five traits
Nettle: Evolution of ancestors created Big Five traits.

Question 18

Defense mechanism’s (R. P. D. Rf. R. R. I)

Answer 18

Repression: pushing unwanted memories into unconscious

Projection: unwanted traits you dislike of yourself, attributing them to others.

Displacement: redirects negative tension to a less threatening recipient.

Reaction formation: fixating on a conscious behaviour because the unconscious thought causes tension

Regression: go backwards act like you had once before
Rationalization: to try and explain a thing in terms of good

Identification: to identify closely with others identifications.