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Medical Terminology > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Bronch/o

A

Bronchial tube, bronchus

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2
Q

Laryng/o

A

Larynx, throat

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3
Q

Nas/o

A

Nose

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4
Q

Ox/i

A

Oxygen

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5
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Throat, pharynx

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6
Q

Phon/o

A

Sound, voice

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7
Q

Pleur/o

A

Pleura, side of the body

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8
Q

-prea

A

Breathing

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9
Q

Pneum/o

A

Lung, air

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10
Q

Pulm/o

A

Lung

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11
Q

Sinus/o

A

Sinus

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12
Q

Somn/o

A

Sleep

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13
Q

Spir/o

A

To breathe

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14
Q

Thorac/o

A

Chest, plural cavity

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15
Q

Trache/o

A

Windpipe

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16
Q

The very small grape-like clusters found at the end of each bronchiole

A

Alveoli

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17
Q

The absence of oxygen from the body’s tissues and organs even though there is an adequate flow of blood

A

Anoxia

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18
Q

Medication administered to prevent or relieve coughing

A

Antitussive

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19
Q

Loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds

A

Aphonia

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20
Q

The form of pneumoconiosis caused by asbestos particles in the lungs

A

Asbestosis

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21
Q

The loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function

A

Asphyxia

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22
Q

A chronic, inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes, often triggered by an allergic reaction and characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing

A

Asthma

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23
Q

The incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung due to a blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax

A

Atelectasis

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24
Q

An abnormally slow rate of respiration, usually of less than 10 breaths per minute

A

Bradypnea

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25
Q

A medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs

A

Bronchodilator

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26
Q

An irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration or apnea

A

Cheyne-stokes

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27
Q

An acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cords, resulting in a barking cough and stridor

A

Croup

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28
Q

A life-threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus

A

Cystic Fibrosis

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29
Q

An acute bacterial infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract

A

Diphtheria

30
Q

Difficulty in speaking, which may include any impairment in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or the cracking of a boy’s voice during puberty

A

Dysphonia

31
Q

The progressive, long-term loss of lung function, usually due to smoking

A

Emphysema

32
Q

Bleeding from the nose that may be caused by dry air, an injury, medication to prevent blood clotting, or high blood pressure; also known as a nosebleed

A

Epistaxis

33
Q

The expectoration of blood or bloodstained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as the result of pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage

A

Hemoptysis

34
Q

A collection of blood in the pleural cavity

A

Hemothorax

35
Q

The abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood

A

Hypercapnia

36
Q

The condition of having low oxygen levels in the blood

A

Hypoxemia

37
Q

The condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body’s tissues and organs; less severe than anoxia

A

Hypoxia

38
Q

The middle section of the chest cavity located between the lungs.
This cavity contains the heart and its veins and arteries, the esophagus, trachea, bronchi, the thymus gland, and lymph nodes

A

Mediastinum

39
Q

An electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a vapor, which is then inhaled by the patient via a face mask or mouthpiece

A

Nebulizer

40
Q

A physician with specialized training in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the head and neck

A

Otolaryngologist

41
Q

A contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal cough, followed by breathlessness and a noisy inspiration

A

Pertussis

42
Q

Thick mucus secreted by the tissues lining the respiratory passages

A

Phlegm

43
Q

An inflammation of the pleura, the membranes that cover the lungs and line the pleural cavity; causes pleurodynia

A

Pleurisy

44
Q

Any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs after prolonged environmental or occupational contact

A

Pneumoconiosis

45
Q

A serious inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other liquid

A

Pneumonia

46
Q

The accumulation of air in the pleural space, causing a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse

A

Pneumothorax

47
Q

The diagnostic measurement of physiological activity during sleep; also known as a sleep study

A

Polysomnography

48
Q

A collection of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane

A

Pyothorax

49
Q

A potentially serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep for long enough periods to cause a measurable decrease in blood oxygen levels

A

Sleep apnea

50
Q

A recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled and the length of time required for each breath

A

Spirometer

51
Q

The surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity

A

Thoracentesis

52
Q

A surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment

A

Thoracotomy

53
Q

An infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that usually attacks the lungs; also known as TB, it can also affect other parts of the body

A

Tuberculosis

54
Q

para-

A

Near

55
Q

Functions of the Respiratory System

A

-Deliver air to lungs
-O2 to blood
Expel CO2
-Produce air flow to make speech possible

56
Q

a-

A

without

57
Q

-Osis

A

Disease process or condition

58
Q

Brady-

A

Slowness

59
Q

The _________ acts as a lid over the entrance to the larngopharynx

A

epiglottis

60
Q

the innermost layer of the pleura is known as

A

visceral pleura

61
Q

the ______ sinuses are located just above the eyebrows

A

frontal

62
Q

the smallest divisions of the bronchial tree are the

A

bronchioles

63
Q

black lung disease is term for

A

anthracosis

64
Q

first division of the pharynx

A

nasopharynx

65
Q

second division of the pharynx

A

oropharynx

66
Q

third division of the pharynx

A

laryngopharynx

67
Q

voice box

A

larynx

68
Q

the exchange of gases withing the cells of the body is known as

A

internal respiration

69
Q

the form of pneumonia that can be prevented through vaccination is

A

bacterial pneumonia

70
Q

the frenic nerves stimulate the diaphragm and cause it to contract

A

phrenic

71
Q
A

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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