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Medical Terminology > Unit 4 > Flashcards

Unit 4 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Kinesi/o

A

Movement, motion

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2
Q

-cele

A

Hernia, swelling

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3
Q

Fasci/o

A

Fascia

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4
Q

-ia

A

Abnormal condition, disease

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5
Q

Ton/o

A

Tone

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6
Q

Tend/o

A

Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain

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7
Q

-rrhexis

A

Rupture

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8
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

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9
Q

Tax/o

A

Coordination, order

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10
Q

Bi-

A

Two, twice, double

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11
Q

-ic

A

Pertaining to

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12
Q

-lysis

A

Loosening, setting free

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13
Q

-plegia

A

Paralysis, stroke

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14
Q

Tri-

A

Three

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15
Q

-tonia

A

muscle tension, nerve tension

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16
Q

-clonus

A

involuntary and rhythmic muscle contractions

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17
Q

-fascial

A

a thin casing of connective tissue that surrounds and holds every organ, blood vessel, bone, nerve fiber and muscle in place.

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18
Q

-lysis

A

Separation, breakdown, destruction

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19
Q

-paresis

A

muscular weakness

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20
Q

myocardi/o

A

the middle muscular layer of the wall of the heart.

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21
Q

myom/o

A

Muscle, muscle tumor

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22
Q

myos/o

A

muscle

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23
Q

Myoclonus

A

sudden, brief involuntary twitching or jerking of a muscle or group of muscles.

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24
Q

Myofascial

A

chronic pain disorder, causing pain in the muscle and sometimes in seemingly unrelated parts of your body.

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25
Q

Myolysis

A

a medical procedure that uses an energy source to destroy muscle tissue.

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26
Q

Myoparesis

A

Weakness or incomplete paralysis of a muscle.

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27
Q

Myotonia

A

a neuromuscular condition in which the relaxation of a muscle is impaired.

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28
Q

Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

A

Abduction

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29
Q

occurs when the tendon that connects the back of your leg to your heel becomes swollen and painful near the bottom of the foot.

A

Achilles tendonitis

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30
Q

Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.

A

Adduction

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31
Q

A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.

A

Adhesion

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32
Q

Opposing the actions of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

A

Anticholinergic

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33
Q

The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.

A

Ataxia

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34
Q

Lacking normal muscle tone or strength.

A

Atonic

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35
Q

Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures.

A

Atrophy

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36
Q

Dilates the pupils, increases heart rate, and reduces salvation and other secretions.

A

Atropine

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37
Q

Extreme slowness in movement.

A

Bradykinesia

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38
Q

Cardioplegia

A

a pharmacological therapy administered during cardiac surgery to intentionally and temporarily arrest the heart.

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39
Q

The surgical enlargement of the carpal tunnel or cutting of the carpal ligament to relieve nerve pressure is called

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

40
Q

The circular movement at the far end of a limb.

A

Circumduction

41
Q

The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues.

A

Contracture

42
Q

Movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle.

A

Dorsiflexion

43
Q

A diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation.

A

Electromyography

44
Q

Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow.

A

Epicondylitis

45
Q

The study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment.

A

Ergonomics

46
Q

A debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms.

A

Fibromyalgia

47
Q

Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body.

A

Hemiparesis

48
Q

Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body.

A

Hemiplegia

49
Q

Abnormally increased motor function or activity; also known as hyperactivity.

A

Hyperkinesia

50
Q

a condition in which there is too much muscle tone.

A

Hypertonia

51
Q

to slow or diminished movement of body musculature.

A

Hypokinesia

52
Q

decreased muscle tone.

A

Hypotonia

53
Q

Inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint.

A

Impingement syndrome

54
Q

the study of movement

A

Kinesiology

55
Q

characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system.

A

Muscular dystrophy

56
Q

muscle pain.

A

Myalgia

57
Q

a chronic autoimmune, neuromuscular disease that causes weakness in the skeletal muscles

A

Myasthenia

58
Q

an operation where the thickened heart wall is surgically removed.

A

Myectomy

59
Q

The herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.

A

Myocele

60
Q

Slanted or at an angle.

A

Oblique

61
Q

Paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.

A

Paraplegia

62
Q

Multiple muscle inflammation

A

Polymyositis

63
Q

The act of rotating the arm or the leg so the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned downward or backward.

A

Pronation

64
Q

Paralysis of all four extremities.

A

Quadriplegia

65
Q

straight muscle.

A

Rectus

66
Q

Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm; also known as hiccups.

A

Singultus

67
Q

a painful condition in which your neck muscles contract involuntarily, causing your head to twist or turn to one side.

A

Spasmodic Torticollis

68
Q

Ringlike muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway

A

Sphincter

69
Q

the outward roll of the foot during normal motion

A

Supination

70
Q

a movement disorder that causes a range of repetitive muscle movements in the face, neck, arms and legs.

A

Tardive Dyskinesia

71
Q

towards the side

A

lateralis

72
Q

crosswise

A

transverse

73
Q

what is protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing?

A

hernia

74
Q

muscle stretched too much and tears

A

strain

75
Q

an injury to the ligaments around the joint

A

sprain

76
Q

sudden involuntary movement/ muscular contraction

A

spasm

77
Q

a fixed tightening of muscle, ligament, or skin

A

contracture

78
Q

-rraphy

A

suture, surgical repair

79
Q

-otomy

A

cutting, incision in the body

80
Q

-plasty

A

surgical procedure for repair

81
Q

depression-

A

persistent depressive disorder

82
Q

elevation-

A

rise or the raising of something

83
Q

dorsiflexion-

A

backward bending and contracting of hand and foot

84
Q

plantarflexion-

A

extension of ankle/foot points down and away from leg

85
Q

flexion-

A

bending of arm/leg

86
Q

extension-

A

movement that increases the angle between two body parts

87
Q

-trophy

A

Nutrition

88
Q

is a calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the calcaneus bone

A

Heel spur

89
Q

which is extreme slowness
of movement

A

bradykinessa

90
Q

is a physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function.

A

Physlatrist

91
Q

Suturing

A

-Desis

92
Q

forms the muscular cap of the shoulder.

A

Deltoid

93
Q

is a drug that causes temporary paralysis by blocking the transmission of nerve stimuli to the muscles

A

neuromuscular blocker

94
Q

Elbow

A

epicondyle

95
Q

injury can be a strain or tear on any of the three muscles that straighten the hip and bend the knee.

A

Hamstring

96
Q

The specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia syndrome, movement restrictions, and temporomandibular joint disorders is known as

A

Myofascial release

97
Q

Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest is known as ___________________This condition is due to poor circulation and is associated with peripheral vascular disease.

A

intermatent claudication

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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