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Medical Terminology > Last Test For 3rd 9 Weeks > Flashcards

Last Test For 3rd 9 Weeks Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ambul/o

A

To walk

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2
Q

cephal/o

A

Head

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3
Q

encephal/o

A

Brain

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4
Q

-esthesia

A

Sensation or feeling

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5
Q

mening/o

A

Meninges or membranes

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6
Q

myel/o

A

Spinal cord or bone marrow

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7
Q

narc/o

A

stupor

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8
Q

-lepsy

A

seizure

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9
Q

neur/i, neur/o

A

Nerve or nerve tissue

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10
Q

-phobia

A

Abnormal fear.

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11
Q

psych/o

A

Mind

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12
Q

somn/o

A

sleep

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13
Q

An excessive fear of heights

A

Acrophobia
acro-top
phobia-fear

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14
Q

A group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language. It is the leading cause of dementia and is marked by progressive deterioration that affects memory and reasoning capabilities.

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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15
Q

the loss of the ability to speak, write, and/or comprehend the written or spoken word.

A

Aphasia
a-without
phasia- speech

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16
Q

a memory disturbance characterized by a total or partial inability to recall past experiences.

A

Amnesia

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17
Q

A rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles, resulting in complete paralysis and death; also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease.

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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18
Q

The class of drugs that relieves pain without affecting consciousness.

A

Analgesic

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19
Q

the absence of normal sensation, especially sensitivity to pain, that is induced by the administration of an anesthetic agent.

A

Anesthesia

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20
Q

Medication used to induce anesthesia.

A

Anesthetic

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21
Q

A medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia but is not a physician.

A

Anesthetist

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22
Q

A subgroup of autistic spectrum disorders. Children with autism have significant developmental delays, including speech and language, with most having very minimal verbal skills and lacking normal social relationships.

A

Autistic

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23
Q

a class of drugs whose major action is a calming or depressed effect on the central nervous system.

A

Barbiturate

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24
Q

Temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only on the affected side of the face.

A

Bell’s palsy

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25
Q

is marked by a lack of responsiveness, stupor, and a tendency to remain in a fixed posture.

A

Catatonic

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26
Q

the largest and uppermost portion of the brain.

A

Cerebrum

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27
Q

Damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted; also known as a stroke.

A

cerebrovascular accident

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28
Q

A condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies.

A

cerebral palsy

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29
Q

An abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces.

A

Claustrophobia

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30
Q

A violent shaking up or jarring of the brain that may result in a temporary loss of awareness and function.

A

Concussion

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31
Q

Bruising of brain tissue as a result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull.

A

Contusion

32
Q

A collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain.

A

cranial hematoma

33
Q

Persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve.

A

Causalgia

34
Q

A disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol.

A

delirium tremens

35
Q

A false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary.

A

Delusion

36
Q

A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols; also known as a developmental reading disorder.

A

Dyslexia

37
Q

The use of ultrasound imaging to create a detailed visual image of the brain for diagnostic purposes.

A

Echoencephalography

38
Q

also known as electroshock therapy, is a procedure in which small amounts of electric current are passed through the brain, deliberately triggering a brief seizure in order to reverse symptoms of certain mental illnesses.

A

electroconvulsive therapy

39
Q

The process of recording the electrical activity of the brain through the use of electrodes attached to the scalp.

A

Electroencephalography

40
Q

Inflammation of the brain.

A

Encephalitis

41
Q

also known as a craniocele, is a congenital herniation of brain tissue through a gap in the skull.

A

Encephalocele

42
Q

A chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severities.

A

Epilepsy

43
Q

A sensory perception (sight, touch, sound, smell, or taste) experienced in the absence of an external stimulation.

A

Hallucination

44
Q

Occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures; also known as a bleed.

A

hemorrhagic stroke

45
Q

A condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain.

A

Hydrocephalus

46
Q

A condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli.

A

Hyperesthesia

47
Q

abnormal preoccupation with one’s health and a fear of having or getting a disease despite physical evidence to the contrary.

A

Hypochondriasis

48
Q

depresses the central nervous system and usually produces sleep.

A

Hypnotic

49
Q

the prolonged or abnormal inability to sleep.

A

Insomnia

50
Q

a disorder characterized by repeatedly stealing objects neither for personal use nor for their monetary value.

A

Kleptomania

51
Q

characterized by the intentional creation of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms.

A

Malingering

52
Q

are the system of membranes that enclose the brain and spinal cord.

A

Meninges

53
Q

Inflammation of the meninges of the brain or spinal cord.

A

Meningitis

54
Q

The congenital herniation of the meninges that surround the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the skull or spinal column.

A

Meningocele

55
Q

A progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath, resulting in scarring of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves.

A

multiple sclerosis

56
Q

a psychological condition where someone pretends to be ill or deliberately produces symptoms of illness in themselves. Their main intention is to assume the “sick role” so that people care for them and they are the center of attention.

A

Munchausen syndrome

57
Q

is a pattern of extreme preoccupation with the self and complete lack of empathy for others.

A

Narcissistic

58
Q

A radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture.

A

Myelography

59
Q

A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day.

A

Narcolepsy

60
Q

is a physician who specializes in treating the causes of paralysis and similar muscular disorders in which there is a loss of function.

A

Neurologist

61
Q

A chronic, degenerative central nervous system disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait caused by inadequate levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain.

A

Parkinson’s disease

62
Q

An absence seizure causes you to blank out or stare into space for a few seconds.

A

petit mal epilepsy

63
Q

A viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord.

A

Poliomyelitis

64
Q

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating chemical dependencies, emotional problems, and mental illness.

A

Psychiatrist

65
Q

study cognitive, emotional, and social processes and behavior by observing, interpreting, and recording how people relate to one another and to their environments.

A

Psychologist

66
Q

is a disorder characterized by repeated, deliberate fire setting.

A

Pyromania

67
Q

also known as a pinched nerve, is an inflammation of the root of a spinal nerve that causes pain and numbness radiating down the affected limb.

A

Radiculitis

68
Q

Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.

A

Sciatica

69
Q

also known as sleepwalking or noctambulism, is the condition of walking or performing some other activity without awakening.

A

Somnambulism

70
Q

The brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain; also known as fainting.

A

Syncope

71
Q

a broad class of prescription medications that slow your brain’s activity.

A

Sedatives

72
Q

a potentially fatal bacterial infection that affects the nerves.

A

Tetanus

73
Q

a type of chronic pain disorder that involves sudden attacks of severe facial pain.

A

tic douloureux

74
Q

sometimes referred to as a mini-stroke, is the temporary interruption in the blood supply to the brain.

A

Transient ischemic attack

75
Q

a medicinal drug taken to reduce tension or anxiety.

A

Tranquilizers

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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