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Self Test Questions > Unit 4A > Flashcards

Unit 4A Flashcards

1
Q

Who will perform IRSO duties at installations without an engineer?

A

senior BE technician

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1
Q

At a deployed location, who should you seek out and work with as part of conducting an OEHSA
and why?

5 people - Ce

A
  1. Civil engineering.
  2. Security forces.
  3. Airfield operations.
  4. Anti-terrorism officer.
  5. Host nation liaison.
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2
Q

A wheel (or pencil) at rest at the top of a ramp holds what type of energy?

A

Potential energy: stored energy (also referred to as “energy of position”).

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3
Q

What units are used to express energy?

A

eV; kinetic energy: object in motion (also referred to as “energy of motion”).

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4
Q

What is mass defect?

mass that is c -

A

mass that is converted to energy to hold the atom together.

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5
Q

Which kind of wave in the EM spectrum has the most energy?

shorter

A

when the interval between the waves is shorter.

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6
Q

When wave frequency is increased, what happens to the wavelength and the energy carried?

A

The shorter the interval (wavelength) will decrease and more energy will be carried (increased).

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7
Q

How is the energy of an EM wave determined?

mulitplying

A

multiplying the number of cycles occurring in one second by the energy of each cycle.

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8
Q

How are the parts of the EM spectrum identified?

freq

A

frequency or having a certain
wavelength / energy.

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9
Q

What is the reason there is usually little problems with IR radiation?

warning

A

built-in warning device––heat.

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10
Q

Which type of radiation is used in medical applications to treat cancer?

G - How does it work?

A

Gamma- Particle radiation is emitted by an unstable nucleus during radioactive decay.

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11
Q

What can happen when ionizing radiation passes through living tissue?

knock electrons from obirts

A

knock electrons from their orbits.

This electron displacement may lead to changes in living cells, such as cell dysfunction or even death.

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12
Q

What frequencies encompass the EMF spectrum?

3

A

3 kHz to 300 GHz.

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13
Q

EMF uses what range of wavelength?

100,000

A

100,000 meters to 1 millimeter.

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14
Q

What are the basic components of any EMF system?

3 PARTS - TRANS

A

Transmitter, transmission line, and antenna.

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15
Q

What is a waveguide?

metal pipe that does what?

A

A circular or rectangular hollow metal pipe that conducts EMF by allowing it to reflect off the inner sides
of the pipe continually until it reaches the antenna.

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16
Q

In what two modes do EMF transmitters operate?

cw

A

Continuous wave or pulsed wave.

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17
Q

What property of the antenna allows it to concentrate its energy in a certain direction?

G

A

Gain.

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18
Q

Where on the EMF spectrum does most radar operate?

micro

A

microwave region.

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19
Q

Hearing a clicking sound is an example of what biological effect?

micro

A

“Microwave hearing effect.”

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20
Q

Interference with electronics is an example of what type of EMF effect?

in

A

Indirect.

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21
Q

What should you do if the frequency of an emitter is classified?

indicate

A

Indicate a range of frequencies.

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22
Q

After obtaining meter readings, how do you determine the actual power density of the emitter?

multiply the result by…CF

A

Multiply the result by the correction factors found on the probe handle.

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22
Q

What types of emitters should you make your highest priority for surveys?

A

Ground-level hazard emitters.

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23
Q

What type of emitter has a higher risk of probe burnout?

PW

A

Pulsed.

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24
Q

What type of operating parameters should you use to define the location of hazard distances?

worst

A

Worst case under fixed-beam conditions.

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25
Q

How should you hold the probe when taking EMF measurements?

A

Extended in front of your body at full arm’s length and parallel to the ground.

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26
Q

When evaluating EMF controls, what is the concern regarding dummy loads?

develop

A

develop cracks that leak EMF.

27
Q

What controls are specifically required for controlled areas with EMF frequencies below 30
MHz?

electrical

A

Electrical safety matting, shoes, & isolation

28
Q

What is the first step of an EMF exposure investigation?

report

A

report incident to his supervisor & get medical in 72 hours

29
Q

If a notification of possible EMF exposure is received, who must complete the initial notifications
required by AFOSH STD 48–9?

BE who?

A

BE flight leadership.

30
Q

What steps do you take during the exposure reconstruction?

Interview,

A

Interview
photos
measure distances
estimate times at positions
take EMF measurements
ensure safety during reconstruction.

31
Q

Where in the EM spectrum is laser radiation created?

IR

A

IR, visible, & UV portions

32
Q

Explain what collimated means.

A

The laser beam is emitted as a tight column of light that does not spread out, or “diverge” much as it travels
away from its source.

33
Q

Which type of potential eye damage would you anticipate from a laser with a wavelength of 425
nm?

types of burns

A

Retinal burns or thermal burns (lesions) in the eye.

34
Q

What is the significance of using 0.25 second as exposure duration?

time to

A

time to avert the eyes from a laser beam (aversion response).

35
Q

Which type of eye injury can result from rapid heating of the tissue with short pulse durations?

thermo

A

Thermo mechanical.

36
Q

What sources of information are available if you have unidentified laser systems on your
installation?

d

A

DOEHRS and the USAFSAM ESOH Service Center Laser Homepage.

37
Q

Why is it important to find out if a laser has more than one operating “mode” or “wavelength”?

maximum permissible exposure

A

different maximum permissible exposure for different combinations of wavelength and exposure duration.

38
Q

What is the definition of MPE?

A

The level of laser radiation to which a person may be exposed without hazardous effects or adverse
biological changes in the eye or skin.

39
Q

What is the nominal hazard zone?

space

A

space level of radiation during normal
operation exceeds the MPE.

40
Q

What is optical density?

ability

A

ability to reduce laser energy as it passes through protective eyewear material.

41
Q

What software program can be used to calculate the OD and which OD fields are listed?

L

A

LHAZ, Max additional OD

42
Q

What standard/document includes recommended controls for each of the laser classifications?

A

A

ANSI Z136.1, Table 10.

43
Q

What is the AFI that provides guidance on laser overexposures?

48-1

A

AFI 48–139, Laser and Optical Radiation Protection Program.

44
Q

As part of a laser overexposure accident/incident investigation, when should the workplace
supervisor notify the unit commander, safety officer, ULSO and ILSO?

A

8 hours of incident.

45
Q

What wavelength range is associated with the UV radiation region of the EM spectrum?

A

100 – 400 nm.

46
Q

What are the three wavelength bands common to UV radiation?

A

UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C.

47
Q

Why are UV-B rays considered the most destructive form of UV radiation?

A

have energy to cause photochemical damage to cellular DNA but not enough energy to be completely absorbed by the atmosphere – like UV-C rays.

48
Q

What is the repeated effect of UV-B rays to the skin?

A

The skin thickens and hardens resulting in a leathery appearance.

49
Q

What are the organs most affected (target organs) for UV radiation?

A

Skin, eyes, and the immune system.

50
Q

What is the spectral range within which the eyes are most sensitive to UV radiation?

2

A

210 – 320 nm.

51
Q

What are common ways to limit sun exposure?

avoid

A

Avoid working in the sun; wear protective clothing; and apply sunscreen.

52
Q

When considering non-solar sources of UV radiation, what measures can be used to keep risks to a
minimum?

A

all controls

53
Q

Opaque barriers and blocking filters are examples of which type of ultraviolet radiation hazard
control method?

engineering, administrative or ppe?

A

Engineering controls

54
Q

What is the most effective way to control overexposure to natural UV radiation?

A

Limiting exposure time
& properly applying sunscreen

54
Q

Describe the type of clothing outdoor workers should wear to protect against UV radiation.

A

Loose fitting,
closely woven fabric
& protection to neck & lower
arms and legs.

55
Q

What type of IR radiation waves are considered thermal?

far

A

Far-IR.

56
Q

What do the TLVs associated with an occupational exposure to UV radiation represent?

all healthy

A

all healthy workers may be repeatedly exposed without acute adverse health effects.

57
Q

What is the primary source of IR radiation?

A

Heat or thermal radiation.

58
Q

What are the main occupational sources of IR radiation found within the AF?

A

Heated metals, welding arcs, lasers, and paint drying infrared heaters.

59
Q

List the most prominent effects associated with overexposure to near-IR.

A

skin burn

60
Q

What are the biological effects to the eyes from exposure to UV radiation in the spectral range of
1400-3000 nm?

A

Aqueous flare, corneal burn, and thermal cataract.

61
Q

What IR radiation hazard control method results in a reduction in total dose?

A

Time.

61
Q

Physical barriers and protective clothing are examples of what IR radiation hazard control
method?

A

Shielding.

62
Q

List three methods of IR radiation hazard controls.

A

Time, distance, and shielding.

63
Q

What determines the type of barrier selected as a control for IR radiation?

A

Wavelength.

64
Q

What is the timeframe upon which TLVs for an occupational exposure to the eye(s) from near-IR
radiation are based?

A

8-hour workday.

Self Test Questions (7 decks)

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