UNIT 4.1 CARTILAGINOUS TISSUE

Question 1

Cartilage formed by what?

Answer 1

-collagen+ elastic fibres in chondroitin sulphate

Question 2

characteristics of cartilage ? 3

Answer 2

– Strength: collagen.
– Elasticity: elastic fibres.
– Flexibility: chondroitin sulphate

Question 3

structure of cartilage:

Answer 3

monomers=
1. chondrocytes=isolated/in groups within spaces called lacunae

2. Ground substance with no vascularisation or innervation (nutrition is provided by perichondrium)

Question 4

the perichondrium of the cartilage does what?

Answer 4

-dense irregular connective tissue (provides nutrients) on surface of cartilage.

Question 5

what cartilage does the perichondrium NOT innervate or vascularise?

Answer 5

1.fibrocartilage,
2. articular cartilage
3.epiphyseal discs.
via SYNOVIAL FLUID

Question 6

what are the 2 types of perichondrium +what do they contain?

Answer 6

1. CHONDORGENIC = INNER
   Mesenchymal cells that form chondroblasts/cytes, prod= cartilage
2. FIBROUS = OUTER
   few fibroblasts = prod collagen

Question 7

what are the 3 types of cartilage?

Answer 7

1. HYALINE CARTILAGE
2. FIBROCARTILAGE
3. ELASTIC

Question 8

HYALINE CARTILAGE characteristics 4

Answer 8

• most abundant
• most weak
• reduces friction at joints + shock absorbing
• NO Innervation or vasculisation = repair slow

Question 9

hyaline cartilage contains what? 3

Answer 9

• chondrocytes
• perichondrium
• fine collagen fibers jellylike GS bluish white

Question 10

hyaline cartilage location? 5

Answer 10

1-Articular  surfaces of long bones. 	
2– Nose 
3– Larynx/trachea. 
4– Ventral ends of ribs  
5– Skeleton of embryo+ foetus.

Question 11

ELASTIC CARTILAGE function and contains? 3

Answer 11

-Extracellular matrix: elastic fibers
• maintains the shape of organs after deformations.
•Doesn’t convert into bone

Question 12

ELASTIC CART LOCATION 2 ?

Answer 12

ear, vocal cartilages

Question 13

FIBROCARTILAGE charac 2 ?

Answer 13

• layers collagen=strength +absorb shock

- strongest cartilage

Question 14

FIBROCARTILAGE location? 3

Answer 14

1. intervertebral discs,
2. meniscus, smooth surface for the joint e.g. the knee)
3. temporomandibular joint.

Question 15

Interstitial growth is what?

Answer 15

growth in length

-childhood + adolescence

Question 16

Appositional growth is what?

Answer 16

growth in width

-starts later in adolescence

Question 17

how does appositional growth happen? 3

Answer 17

1. -cellular layer of perichondrium differentiate into chondroblasts
2. chondroblasts surround themselves with extracellular matrix=chondrocytes
   .
   3-matrix accumulates beneath the perichondrium

Question 18

how does interstitial growth happen?

Answer 18

1.division of chondrocytes and continuous increasing amounts of extracellular matrix by the chondrocytes.

=Cartilage expands like bread that rises