unit 4- The Sensory System Flashcards
What is the role of the pupil in the eye?
It is the opening in the middle of the eye through which light passes through.
What part is the middle of the eye?
Pupil
What is the role of the iris in the eye?
It is the visible coloured ring that adjusts to control the amount of light entering through the pupil.
What part of the eye is the visible coloured ring?
Iris
What is the role of the cornea in the eye?
It is the transparent part at the front of the eye which is protected by the conjunctiva.
What part of the eye is protected by the conjunctiva?
Cornea
What is the role of the retina in the eye?
The inner lining of the eye that contains rods and cones.
What is the role of the lens in the eye?
It focuses light entering the eye.
What is the role of the optic nerve?
Where the nerve cells exit the eye to the brain.
What part of the eye allows nerve cells to exit the eye to the brain?
Optic nerve
What’s the outside of the eye called?
Sclera
What is the role of the sclera?
It is the tough outer coating of the eye and protects it.
What are the benefits of tear glands?
Help to keep the outer layer of the eye moist
What does the movement of the iris cause?
The pupil to change size
What is attached to the lens in the eye?
Ciliary muscles
What are the cones responsible for in the retina?
They are responsible for vision in light conditions and allow us to view colours and give precise vision.
What are the rods responsible for in the retina?
They are responsible for vision at lower light.
They cannot detect colour.
What is the macular?
The central part of our retina
What is the role of the macular?
It is responsible for providing 20/20 vision.
It is also the part of the eye where the cones are concentrated.
What are the 4 malfunctions of the eye?
Glaucoma
Cataracts
Retinopathy
AMD (age related macular degeneration)
What is the cause of glaucoma?
It is caused by the build of pressure in your eye which is caused by the vitreous fluid building up and not draining properly. This fluid ends up pressing on the optic nerve destroying it and resulting in blindness.
What are the risk factors of glaucoma?
Age
High blood pressure
Genetic link
What’s the treatment of glaucoma?
The use of eye drops to open up tiny drainage channels within the eye.
What are the symptoms of glaucoma?
Blurred vision
Eye pain
What is cataracts?
They are cloudy patches of protein that develop in the lens of the eye causing blurred vision as light cannot hit the retina effectively.
What are the risk factors of cataracts?
Age
Smoking
What is the treatment for cataracts?
Surgery to remove and replace the affected lens.
What are the symptoms of cataracts?
Blurred vision
Difficulty seeing in low light
Halos around eyes
What is retinopathy linked to?
Diabetes
What is the cause of retinopathy?
High blood sugar levels damage the cells of the retina by weakening the small vessels causing them to leak.
What is the treatment for retinopathy?
Lifestyle treatments:
diet
treatment for diabetes
Regular eye exams
What are the symptoms of retinopathy?
Blurred vision
Floaters in field of vision
What is AMD?
It is a painless eye condition that results in the loss of central vision.
What are the two types of AMD?
Dry AMD
Wet AMD
What is dry AMD?
cells in the macula become damaged due to deposits of drusen.
What is wet AMD?
abnormal blood vessels form underneath the macula and damage its cells.
What does AMD stand for?
Age related macular degeneration
What are the risk factors of AMD?
Age
What is the treatment of AMD?
Medication such as eye drops
laser eye surgery
What are the symptoms of AMD?
Blurred central vision
straight lines appear wavy
Faded colour
Hallucinations
What are the three main functions of the ear?
Hear sound
Detect motion
Maintain balance
What are the three main sections of the ear?
External
Middle
Inner
