unit 4 simplified

Question 1

mental health

Answer 1

state of wellbeing =, where an individual realises own abilities and can cope with normal stressors, can work productively and contribute to community ‘

Question 2

mental wellbeing

Answer 2

multidimensional construct
- function within ourselves, adapt to challenges
- quality of relationships
- relate to/ contribute to broader community

Question 3

dual continuum

Answer 3

• Subjective sense of mental wellbeing
• Living with mental disorder

Question 4

components of mental wellbeing

Answer 4

• Emotional = how we feel
• Psychological = perceive/appraise themselves and goals
• Social = sense of belonging to community, meaningful contribution to society

Question 5

flourishing

Answer 5

optimal wellbeing - feels good and functions effectively

Question 6

languishing

Answer 6

low levels of positive emotion, low levels of psychological/social functioning

Question 7

mental disorder

Answer 7

clinically significant condition of mental ill-health - causes distress and impair ability to function effectively
- Severe emotional/behavioural impairment

Question 8

mental health problem

Answer 8

disruption to usual level of wellbeing

Question 9

no mental ill health

Answer 9

function effectively/ meet every day demands

Question 10

resilience

Answer 10

respond adaptively to stressful life events and cope with uncertainty
- Developed through practise and participation in supportive wellbeing activeties

Question 11

internal support factor

Answer 11

• personal characteristics e.g. coping strategies, biological health

Question 12

external support factor

Answer 12

social and environmental factors e..g. supportive relationships, health care

Question 13

internal influence factors

Answer 13

source within ourselves
- Family history, diet, coping/problem solving

Question 14

external influence factors

Answer 14

sources outside ourselves
- Physical enviro - unsanitary conditions
- Biological enviro - drugs/alcohol
- Social enviro - financial stability, relationships

Question 16

stress

Answer 16

phychisiological/psychological response to situation that is threatening/challenging exceeding ability to cope
Stress in dual continuum - lower sense of wellbeing- reduce functioning
- put at risk of mental health problem/disorder

Question 17

anxiety

Answer 17

emotional state when we anticipate threat or danger
- Interacts with stress

Question 18

phobia

Answer 18

• intense irrational fear of specific object activity or situation
• Sense of anxiety
• Can identify what trigger understand it is irrational
• avoidance= negative reinforcement

Question 19

GABA Dysfunction

Answer 19

• GABA dysfunction - low levels of GABA - GABA makes nervous system calm as neurone are less likely to fire action potential - inhibitory

Question 20

LTP

Answer 20

• long lasting strengthening of neural connections at synapses due to repeated stimulation= new memory circuit
  - storage in neocortex, emotion in amygdala, explicit in hypocampus

Question 21

Biological influences

Answer 21

GABBA, LTP

Question 22

psychological contributing factors

Answer 22

Behavioural models, cognitive bias

Question 23

behavioural models

Answer 23

• association due to classical conditioning and maintained through operant
• Classical conditioning
• Operant - antecedent= phobic stimulus behaviour = avoidance consequence = no fear

Question 24

cognitive bias

Answer 24

• systematic errors in judgment
• Memory bias- remember negative threat related info over positive information/ alter memory
• Catastrophic thinking - overestimates potential dangers assuming the worst- predicting the future outcome that may be unrealistic/irrational

Question 25

social contributing factors

Answer 25

Specific enviro triggers
-traumatic events
-modelling
stigma of treatment

Question 26

specific enviro triggers

Answer 26

• specific event or factor in environment triggering a fearful response
  - traumatic events
  - Modelling

Question 27

stigma of treatment

Answer 27

irrational/unrealistic can make it hard to empathise
- negative stereotype toward phobic person
- phobic person may feel embarrassed

Question 28

benzodiazepine

Answer 28

• anti-anxiety medication that promotes the role of GABA slowing down the central nervous system
• can have side effects and be addictive

Question 29

breathing retraining

Answer 29

• identifying incorrect breathing habits and replacing with correct ones
• counteract sympathetic ns response

Question 30

CBT

Answer 30

• cognitive behaviour strategies to recognise and change negative thinking/behaviour patterns
• cognitve= identify irrational thinking patterns and replace with realistic thoughts
• behaviour= modify iunhelpful behaviours

Question 31

systematic desensatisation

Answer 31

• counterconditioning used to reduce anxiety when in presence of phobic stimulus
• associate phobic stimulus with reaction response using classical conditioning principles
  Learn a relaxation technique - breathing retraining and then create fear hierarchy and then complete on nphobic persons term

Question 32

psychoeducation

Answer 32

given information t better understand condition and manage it
- Challenging thoughts - supporter help challenge excessive and unreasonable thoughts through asking questions to develop a balance pov
- Social intervention - supporter should not encourage or critises avoidance behaviour but instead provide an alternative

Question 33

protective factors

Answer 33

decrease likelihood of developing mental health problem/disorder

Question 34

adequate nutrition

Answer 34

• Affect directly through nutrients that keep body and brain healthy and indirectly through emotional impact of physical condition caused by bad diet

Question 35

adequate hydration

Answer 35

• Water needed to make neurotransmitters and hormones
• Mild dehydration can affect mood causing irritability

Question 36

adequate sleep

Answer 36

• Amount of sleep needed to function affectively coping with normal stressors
• Psychological affects of inadequate sleep are ABC’s of sleep deprivation ‘

Question 37

cognitive behavioural strategies

Answer 37

• Recognise how negative/unproductive thought patters affect emotions
• The way a person thinks determines how they feel
• Education about body reaction to stress
• Teaching relaxation and breathing techniques

Question 38

mindfulness meditation

Answer 38

• Focus attention on breathing with thoughts feelings and sensations being experienced freely
• Attention- focus on present moment
• Acceptance - observe feelings and sensations without judgment

Question 39

energising and authentic support

Answer 39

• Energising = enthusiasm and determination to complete task, goal
• authentic= truth and integrity- truly listen and connects

Question 40

biological treatment

Answer 40

benzo and breathing retraining

Question 41

psychological treatment

Answer 41

CBT and systematic desensitisation

Question 42

social treatment

Answer 42

Psychoeducation

Question 43

biological influence of mental wellbeing

Answer 43

adequate nutrition, water and sleep

Question 44

psychological influence of mental wellbeing

Answer 44

cognitive behavioural strategies, mindfulness meditation

Question 45

Support

Answer 45

energising and authentic support