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psychology 2024 > stuff I am extra cooked on > Flashcards

stuff I am extra cooked on Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the circles in the presynaptic neuron called

A

vesticles

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2
Q

adaptive plasticity vs developmental

A

adaptive = damage
developmental = time

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3
Q

why does cortisol harm the immune system

A
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4
Q

what do mnemonics do

A

link new info with old info for better encoding

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5
Q

what must the method of loci use

A

well known locations

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6
Q

SEWB

A
  • everything works together - physical, psycho, spiritual
  • wellbeing is maintained by staying connected
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7
Q

what are some dimensions

A
  • connection to culture: values + traditions
  • connection to family/kinship: direct and wider
  • connection to country: geographical and spiritual
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8
Q

what are the determinants

A

historical, cultural and social

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9
Q

cultural continuity

A

its about how you connect with culture and how this is continued. it is personal and different for everyone. e.g. spending time outdoors, talking to elders, participating in ceremony

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10
Q

self determination

A

about being empowered and proud of culture and history

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11
Q

quantitive data

A
  • numbers
  • collection is systematic and controlled
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12
Q

generalisable

A
  • sample must be representative of population
  • a larger sample is more generalisable
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13
Q

convienience sampling

A
  • easy to recruit
  • unlikely to represent population
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14
Q

conclusions and evaluating

A
  • describe/ explain results
  • discuss relation to hypothesis/aim
  • explore limitations- discuss issues/errors and how they affect validity
  • make recommendations of modifications or extensions to investigation
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15
Q

controlled experiment

A

systematically manipulate data

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16
Q

correlation study

A
  • non-experimental
  • variables are observers and measured
  • they are less invasive and may identify further areas of study
  • measure strength and direction of variables
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17
Q

case study

A

one instance of brasier phenomenon
- data is rich and highly detailed
- specific to one case and hard to generalise

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18
Q

lit review

A

a report summarising scientific research
- organise what is already known
- sources should be evaluated for credibility and suitability

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19
Q

between subjects

A

different groups
- if DV scores are significantly different the hypothesis is supported

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20
Q

random errors

A

unpredictable variations

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21
Q

systematic errors

A

consistent variations

22
Q

personal errors

A

mistakes

23
Q

ethical concept

A

justice, respect, beneficence, integrity, non-maleficence (JR BIN)

24
Q

concepts description

A

justice= fair distribution
respect= choice/autonomy
beneficence= doing good
integrity= truth/transparency
non-maleficence= avoiding harm

25
Q

ethical guidelines

A

confidentiality, debriefing, informed consent, deception, voluntary participation, withdrawal rights (DIVCWD)

26
Q

what is memory

A

psychobiological processes that allows past experiences to help us interpret and respond to current experiences
(link past to current and future)

27
Q

what is episodic future thinking

A

allows us to imagine how we will expeirence events in the future from a first person perspective using previously seen information

28
Q

what are the early symptoms of alzheimers

A
  • severe anterograde amnesia (Episodic auto-biographical memory, semantic memory)
  • difficulty with episodic future thinking
  • damage to hippocampus
  • difficulty generating voluntary mental imagery
29
Q

what are mnemonics

A

techniques that help encode and retrieve information in a meaningful way

30
Q

sung narrative

A

uses singing, music and dance to tell stories
- knowledge is passed down through ancestors
-physical locations are linked to songs

31
Q

song lines enhancing encoding and retrieval

A

multiple modes of rehersal
* emotional scaffold
* rhythm and melody increases accuracy
* series of events makes it meaningful

32
Q

NREM stage 1

A

-Transition between sleep and wakefulness
-People can be woken easily
-Lasts 2-10 mins
-4 or 5% of total sleep time
-Hypnic Jerk

33
Q

NREM stage 2

A

-“Truly asleep”
-Harder to wake from
-Lasts 10-25 mins in first sleep cycle. Lengthens approximately to 20-30 mins
-45 or 55% of total sleep time

34
Q

NREM stage 3

A

-Difficult to awaken from

-Known as deep/slow wave sleep

-Muscles are relaxed, limited eye movements
Characteristics of Stage 3 NREM
-First occurs one hour into the sleep cycle

-Can last 20-40 mins. Decreases in length as the

night progresses

-Often where sleep disturbances occur

35
Q

progressive alzheimers

A

retrograde amnesia
* loss of semantic knowledge
* inability to perform practiced tasks-procedural memory

36
Q

what is episodic future thinking

A

allows us to imagine how we will expeirence events in the future from a first person perspective using previously seen information
3

37
Q

what is memory

A

psychobiological processes that allows past experiences to help us interpret and respond to current experiences
(link past to current and

38
Q

energising and authentic support

A

Energising = enthusiasm and determination to complete task, goal
* authentic= truth and integrity-truly listen and connects

39
Q

mindfulness meditation

A

Focus attention on breathing with thoughts feelings and sensations being experienced freely
* Attention- focus on present moment
* Acceptance - observe feelings and sensations without judgment

40
Q

cognitive behavioural strategies

A

Recognise how negative/unproductive thought patters affect emotions
* The way a person thinks determines how they feel
* Education about body reaction to stress
* Teaching relaxation and breathing techniques

41
Q

psychoeducation

A

given information t better understand condition and manage it

  • Challenging thoughts - supporter help challenge excessive and unreasonable thoughts through asking questions to develop a balance
    pov
  • Social intervention - supporter should not encourage or critises avoidance behaviour but instead provide an alternative
42
Q

systematic desensitisation

A
  • counterconditioning used to reduce anxiety when in presence of phobic stimulus
  • associate phobic stimulus with reaction response using classical conditioning principles
    Learn a relaxation technique - breathing retraining and then create fear hierarchy and then complete on nphobic persons
    term
43
Q

CBT

A

Cognitive benaviour strategies lo recognise and change negative thinking/behaviour patterns
*
cognitve= identify irrational thinking patterns and replace with realistic thoughts
* behaviour= modify iunhelpful behaviours

44
Q

cognitive bias

A

systematic errors in judgment
* Memory bias- remember negative threat related info over positive information/ alter memory

  • Catastrophic thinking - overestimates potential dangers assuming the worst-predicting the future outcome that may be unrealistic/irrational
45
Q

stress

A

phychisiological/psychological response to situation that is threatening/challenging exceeding ability to cope
Stress in dual continuum - lower sense of wellbeing- reduce functioning
- put at risk of mental health problem/disorder

46
Q

resilience

A

respond adaptively to stressful life events and cope with uncertainty
- Developed through practise and participation in supportive wellbeing activeties

47
Q

What do low amplitude, high frequency brain waves indicate?

A

REM sleep (awake and alert)

48
Q

What do low-medium amplitude, medium-high frequency indicate?

A

NREM Stage 1 (deeply relaxed or meditative state

49
Q

What do medium-high amplitude, low medium frequency indicate?

A

NREM Stage 2 (early or light sleep)

50
Q
A

psychology 2024 (11 decks)

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