Unit 4 Dermatology Images Flashcards
1
Q
- absence of melanocytes
- causes depigmentation
A
Vitiligo
2
Q
- associated with defects in collagen support structure of dermis
A
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
3
Q
- location: flexor surfaces in adults
- etiology: filaggrin mutation
- associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis
- staph aureus is suggested to exacerbate this disorder
- in children, is on cheecks and extensor surfaces
- eczema is type of atopic dermatitis
A
Atopic Dermatitis
4
Q
- type of atopic dermatitis
A
Eczema
5
Q
- etiology: common irritants
- caused by perfume, soap, etc
A
Irritant Contact Dermatitis
6
Q
- etiology: common allergens
- delayed type hypersensitiviey reaction (type 4)
- diagnosis confirmed with patch testing
- skin biopsy would reveal spongiotic dermatitis
- caused by poison ivy
A
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
7
Q
- location: lower legs
- etiology: lower extremity edema
A
Stasis Dermatitis
8
Q
A
Lichen Simplex Chronicus
9
Q
- same as nummular eczema
- round, annular, scaly plaques
- due to dry skin
- overuse of soap can make this worse
A
Numular Dermatitis
10
Q
- location: scalp
- etiology: malassezia furfur
- also known as cradle cap
- infection of sebaceous glands
A
Seborrheic Dermatitis
11
Q
- location: extensor surfaces
- may include arthritis
- may be associated with increased cardiovascular risk
A
Chronic Plaque Psoriasis
12
Q
A
Guttate Psoriasis
- associated with strep
13
Q
- skin cancer
- most common
- pearly
- common on nose
- common PATCH1 mutation: most BCC have loss of PATCH1 that normally block SMOOTHENED gene
- tx: mohs surgery, vismoedgib (blocks smoothend gene)
A
Basal Cell
14
Q
- second most common skin cancer
- occurs more common in immunosupporessed pts
- keratoacanthoma is a type of this cancer
- center crater
- develop rapidly
- on sunexposed skin, HPV, thermal injury
- actinic keratosis is premalignant skin lesion
A
Squamous Cell
15
Q
- skin cancer
- common mutation: BRAF
- tx: vemurafinib
- breslow thickness: measurement of depth of tumor
- clark level: layers of skin affected
A
Melanoma
16
Q
- often associated with immunodeficiency
A
Kaposi Sarcome
17
Q
- can be treated with beta blockers
- most common benign soft tissue tumor of infants
- GLUT1 positive
A
Infantile Hemangioma
18
Q
- most common benign vascular tumor in adults
A
Cherry Angioma
19
Q
- associated with high levels of GLUT-1 expression (a placenta associated marker)
- also called strawberry hemangioma
- often develops rapidly in first 3 months of life
- involution (decrease) common into adulthood (50% by 5, 70% by 7, 90% by 9)
A
Infantile Hemangioma
20
Q
- associated with glaucoma and seizures
- assocaited with sturge weber in infants with port wine stain in trigemminal nerve
A
Port Wine Stain
21
Q
- linear plaque on the face or scalp
- yellow-orange
- associated with allopecia
- assocated with mutations in HRAS and KRAS
A
Nevus Sebaceus
22
Q
- most commonly on face>trunk>extremity
- beign tumor of oil gland
A
Sebaceus Hyperplasia
23
Q
A
Acrochordon
24
Q
- benign tumor of adipose tissue
- often soft, movable, painless
A
Lipoma
25
Q
- from fibroblast
- firm papule
- most common on legs
- dimple sign is characteristic (Fitzpatrick sign)
A
Dermatofibroma
26
Q
- scar gowth above and beyond original border
- composed of type 3 or type 1 collagen
A
Keloid Scar
27
Q
- sudden appearance associated with adenocarcinoma of the stomach
- barnicles of life
- appear dark in people with dark complexion- Morgan Freeman
A
Seborrheic Karatosis
28
Q
- head and neck most common
- similar in color to shade of skin
A
Intradermal Nevus
29
Q
- flat macules
- palms and soles most common
A
Junctional Nevus
30
Q
- trunk and proximal extremities
- color brown to black
A
Compound Nevus
31
Q
- more common in asians and causcasians
A
Blue Nevus
32
Q
- low risk of progressing to malignant melanoma
A
Congenital Nevi
33
Q
- usually apparent by 20 years
A
Dysplastic Nevus
34
Q
- biggest risk factor for melanoma
- familial atypical moles and melanoma
- criteria:
- The occurrence of malignant melanoma in 1 or more first- or second-degree relatives
- The presence of numerous (often >50) melanocytic nevi, some of which are clinically atypical
- Many of the associated nevi showing certain histologic features
- CDK2NA mapped to 9p21
- CDK4 mapped to 12q14
- CMM1 mapped to 1p
A
FAMMM Syndrome
35
Q
- six or more cafe au lait spots
- two or more neurofibromas
- axillary or inguinal freckling (Crowe’s sign)
- first degree relative with disorder
- optic glioma (iris freckles)
- autosomal dominant
- Defect in neurofibromin gene, a tumor suppressor, on chromosome 17 for NF-1
A
Neurofibromatosis
36
Q
- multiple lesions associated with neurofibromatosis
A
Cafe au Lait Patch
37
Q
- melassezia furfur is causative agent
- diagnos with KOH
A
Tinea Versicolor
40
Q
- type 2 antibody mediated
- detachment between dermis and epidermis- hemidesomsomes
A
Bullous Pemphigoid
42
Q
- do not debride
- tx with steroids and immunosuppression
A
Pyoderma Gangrenosum
44
Q
- with internal malignancies, pts tend to have weight loss- most common is stomach cancer
- thickening of the skin
- common causes: obesity, diabetes
A
Acanthosis Nigricans
45
Q
- filagrin mutation
A
Icthyosis Vulgaris
46
Q
- honey colored
- associated with bacteria like strep and staph
- can be bullus (staph) or non-bullus (strep/staph)
A
Impetigo
48
Q
- inital presentation is chancre
- secondary skin lesions form 4-10 weeks after onset of chancre
- sometimes presents with lymphadenopathy
- moth-eaten alopecia
A
Syphilis
49
Q
- can also have black dot appearance
- casued by fungus
- test is KOH, dermatophyte test medium (changes colors)
- other types:
- tinia faciei- face
- tinia barbae- beard area
- tinia corpus- body
- tinia pedis- feet
- tinia manum- one hand two feet syndrome
A
Tinia Capitis
51
Q
- infestation
- burrows and genital nodules
- use mineral oil wet prep for diagnosis
A
Scabies
52
Q
- fungus
A
Oral Candidiasis (Thrush)
