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Disease and Defense Mine > Unit 4 Dermatology > Flashcards

Unit 4 Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

stasis dermatitis

A
  • location: lower leg

- etiology: lower extremity edema

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2
Q

seborrheic dermatitis

A
  • location: scalp

- etiology: malassezia furfur

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3
Q

atopic dermatitis

A
  • location: flexor surfaces
  • etiology: filaggrin
  • associated with asthma and allergic rhinits
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4
Q

psoriasis

A
  • location: extensor surfaces, may include arthritis

- may be associated with inc. risk of cardiovascular disease

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5
Q

irritant dermatitis

A

-etiology: common irritants

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6
Q

allergic contact dermatitis

A
  • etiology: common allergens
  • delayed hypersensitivity reaction type 4
  • dx confirmed with patch testing
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7
Q

ABCDEs

A 
A-asymmetry
B-border irregularity
C-color variation
D-diameter >6mm
E-evolution
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8
Q

keratoacanthoma

A

-subtype of squamous cell cancer

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9
Q

Langerhans Cells

A

skin cell critical to antigen processing and presentation to lymphocytes in epidermis

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10
Q

fibroblast

A

skin cell responsible for producing collagen

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11
Q

pruritis

A
  • itch
  • specialzed skin receptors: meissners corpuscles
  • many triggers
  • caused by nerve endings
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12
Q

darker skin color is due to:

A

differences in packaging and distribution of melanin

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13
Q

pacinian corpusles

A
  • responsible for sensation of fine touch
  • onion structure
  • located in dermis only
  • involved in pressure and vibration
  • on genitals
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14
Q

meissners corpusles

A
  • pine cone structure
  • involved in fine touch
  • dermal epidermal junction
  • skin receptor
  • on finger tips
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15
Q

eccrine glands

A
  • odorless, watery sweat
  • VITAL to thermal regulation
  • present on lips, palms, soles, forehead
  • acquired disorder: miliaria- blocked sweat ducts
  • congenital: anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia- mutation in EDA gene, poor temp regulation
  • watery sweat
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16
Q

apocine glands

A
  • primarily located in axilla
  • outgrowths of the upper bulge of PEG
  • not functional until puberty
  • ex. breast feeding
  • sticky sweat
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17
Q

sebaceous glands

A
  • exemplify holocrine gland secretion
  • lubricate thick, terminal hairs
  • cause acne
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18
Q

leukocytoclastic vascultitis

A

immune complex mediated

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19
Q

Bowen’s Disease

A
  • squamous cell carcinoma

- linked to HPV infection

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20
Q

melassezia furfur

A

-associated with: tinea versicolor and seborrheic dermatitis

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21
Q

hemidesmosome

A
  • attach dermis to epidermis

- in basement membrane zone

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22
Q

desomsomes

A
  • cell adhesion between keratinocytes in stratum spinosum
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23
Q

Layers of Epidermis

A

surface- stratified squamous

  • stratum corneum (filagrin connects this layer to other layers)
  • stratum lucidum- on hands and feet only
  • stratum granulosum- fillagrin cross links keratin filaments and is important in barrier functinon of skin
  • stratum spinosum- keratinocytes
  • stratum basalis- melanocytes and stem cells (skin color), desmosomes here
  • 1 melanocyte: 10 keratinocytes
  • 1 melanocyte can provide color to ~30 keratinocytes
  • californians like girls (in) string bikinis
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24
Q

Dermis

A
  • papillary
  • reticular
  • ground structures (assist with perfusion)
  • collagen
  • elastin
  • blood vessels and nerves present
  • also blood, nerves, adnexal structures
25
Q

Fitzpatrick Skin Types

A

I. Never tans, always burns, freckles
II. Tans with difficulty, usually burns, freckles
III. Average tanning, sometimes burns, freckles
IV. Easily tans, rarely burns
V. Very easy to tan, very rarely burns
VI. Never burns

26
Q

Melanin Types

A
  • eumelanin- black to brown pigment

- pheomelanin- yellow to red-brown pigment

27
Q

Skin Pigmentation Differences

A

Light Skin: melanosomes smaller and distributed in clusters above the nucleus in the keratinocyte
Dark Skin: melanosomes larger and distributed individually
throughout the cytoplasm of the keratinocyte

28
Q

Flat Morphologies

A
  • macule (<1 cm)

- patch

29
Q

Raised Smooth Morphology

A
  • papule (<1cm)
  • plaque
  • cyst
  • nodule (1-2cm)
30
Q

Fluid Filled Morphology

A
  • vessicle (1 cm)

- pustule (pus)

31
Q

eschar

A

crust

32
Q

Tzanck Prep

A

test for herpes

33
Q

Solar Elastosis

A
  • acquired elastic disorder

- indicates tissue from older person in sun exposed site

34
Q

Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum

A
  • congenital elastic disorder
  • caused by mutation in MDR gene
  • “plucked chicken skin”
35
Q

acquired disease of ground structure

A

-cosmetic filler agent

36
Q

Ehlers Danlos Syndrome

A

-congenital disorder of collagen

37
Q

scurvy

A

-acquired disorder of collagen

38
Q

disorders of capillary loops

A
  • psoriasis

- verruca

39
Q

vasculitis

A
  • inflamed blood vessels

- type 3 immune reaction

40
Q

adnexal structures in dermis

A
  • hair follicle
  • eccrine gland- sweat
  • apocrine
  • apoeccrine
  • sebaceous- oil
41
Q

Hair Cycles

A
  • anagen- growing (3 yrs)
  • catagen- involution (3 weeks)
  • telogen- resting hair (3 months)
42
Q

Anagen Effluvium

A

-loss of growing hair

43
Q

telgen effluvium

A

-hairs go into resting cycle

44
Q

acquired disorders of sweating

A
  • heat shock

- “antipersperant”

45
Q

apoecrine gland

A
  • hybrid sweat gland

- 10x as much sweat as eccrine gland

46
Q

actinic keratosis

A
  • most common precancer in US

- turns in SQUAMOUS and basal cell cancers

47
Q

benign vascular skin tumors

A
  • cherry angioma

- hemangioma

48
Q

benign vascular malformation (endothelial cells)

A

-port wine stain

49
Q

benign sebaceous gland tumors

A
  • sebaceous hyperplasia

- nevus sebaceous

50
Q

beingn fibroblast tumors

A
  • dermatofibroma

- keloid scars

51
Q

benign keratinocyte tumor

A

-seborrheic keratosis (barnacles of life)

52
Q

benign tumor of melanocyte

A

nevus

53
Q

peptides involved in innate immunity of skin

A
  • alpha defensins
  • beta defensins
  • cathelicidin
  • psoriasin
  • RNase7
54
Q

veruca

A
  • means wart

- caused by HPV

55
Q

KOH test

A

-detects fungus

56
Q

aspergillis

A

lung infection fungus

57
Q

powder + grease =

A

-protective pastes

58
Q

grease + liquid =

A
  • ointments
  • creams
  • lotions
59
Q

powder + liquid =

A
  • drying pastes
  • gels
  • shake suspensions

Disease and Defense Mine (12 decks)

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