Unit 4 - Classical Civilizations - East and South Asia - China

Question 1

What was the Dynastic Cycle?

Answer 1

Explains how dynasties came in and out of power

Question 2

What is the Mandate of Heaven?

Answer 2

Permission from the gods to rule

Question 3

What is Feudalism?

Answer 3

1. Political & Social Structure
2. Exchange of Land for Service

Question 4

What is the Period of Warring States?

Answer 4

Numerous people in China fought for land and control

Question 5

What causes Confucianism, Daoism and Legalism to be created?

Answer 5

Period of Warring States - Lack of Order

Question 6

Who was the founder of Confucianism?

Answer 6

Kong Fuzi (Confucius)

Question 6

Who was the founder of Daoism?

Answer 6

Loozi (Sage)

Question 7

Who was the founder of Legalism?

Answer 7

Han Fei

Question 8

What were the key writings of Daoism?

Answer 8

Daodejing (The War and Its Power)

Question 8

What were the key writings of Confucianism?

Answer 8

The Analects (Selected Sayings)

Question 9

What were the key writings of Legalism?

Answer 9

Basic Writings of Han Fei

Question 10

What was the main belief/practice of Confucianism?

Answer 10

Respect: Li (5 Key Relationships)

Question 11

What were the 5 Key Relationships?

Answer 11

Ruler - Subject
Parent - Child
Husband - Wife
Elder Sibling - Younger Sibling
Friend - Friend

Question 12

What were the 3 key beliefs of Daoism?

Answer 12

1. Dao
2. Ying & Yang
3. Wuwei

Question 13

What is Dao? (2)

Answer 13

1. “The Way”
2. Universal Force Connected to Nature

Question 14

What is Yin and Yang? (2)

Answer 14

1. Balance of Opposite Forces
2. Accepts Good with Bad

Question 15

What is Wuwei? (2)

Answer 15

1. Action through nonaction
2. Few Laws

Question 16

What is the three key beliefs of Legalism? (3)

Answer 16

1. Strict Rules
2. Harsh Punishment
3. People are evil & selfish

Question 17

Who was Qin Shi Huang Di? (8)
Dynasty, Philosophy, Achievements

Answer 17

1. Qin Dynasty
2. Legalism
3. Standardized Weights
4. Standardized Measures
5. Standardized Money
6. Standardized Language
7. Continued to Build the Wall of China
8. Established a strong central government

Question 18

Definition of Civil Service

Answer 18

People obtained government jobs through an examination on Confucianism

Question 18

Definition of Autocracy

Answer 18

One ruler holds all power w/o limits

Question 19

Who was Liu Bang? (4)
Dynasty, Philosophy, Achievements

Answer 19

1. Han Dynasty
2. Confucianism
3. Established a Strong Central Government
4. Established Civil Service

Question 20

Definition of Bureaucracy (2)

Answer 20

1. Tasks are managed by officials
2. Following rules and procedures

Question 20

Why did China create a monopoly on silk in trade? (3)

Answer 20

1. Valuable in Trade
2. Production was a state secret
3. Maximized Revenue

Question 21

How did the Han Dynasty experience a Golden Age? Use the 3 p’s.

Answer 21

1. There was no period of warring states or a rocky transition of power
2. The civil service exam was open to any male, so unemployment was relatively low
3. China had a monopoly on silk in the silk road (a series of trade routes), maximizing revenue
4. Paper, a technological advancement, allowed “printing”, which duplicated text and literature, increasing learning and cultural diffusion

Question 22

How did Confucianism influence life and government of the Han Dynasty? (3)

Answer 22

1. Civil Service - Examinations on Confucianism
2. Conf. supported centralization of power
3. Rulers promoted confucian values in gov.

Question 23

What is a famous quote by Laozi? (2)

Answer 23

1. Nature does not hurry
2. Yet everything is accomplished

Question 24

What is a famous quote by Han Fei? (4)

Answer 24

1. When the law is used to govern the state
2. The state is well-ordered
3. When rituals are used to govern the state
4. The state is in chaos

Question 25

What is a famous quote by Confucius? (3)

Answer 25

1. Our greatest glory
2. Is not in never falling
3. But in rising every time we fall