Unit 4 - Child and Family Practice (CP too) Flashcards
What are the 6 ‘F words’ regarding childhood disability
- Function
- Family
- Fitness
- Fun
- Friends
- Future
What is function (6 f words)
Refers to what people do - how things are done is not what is important
What is family (6 f words)
Represents the essential ‘environment’ of all children and youth
What is fitness (6 f words)
Refers to physical and mental wellbeing
What is fun (6 f words)
Includes activities that people enjoy
What is friends (6 f words)
Refers to the friendships established with others
What is future (6 words)
Is what life is all about - goals, aspirations, realistic aspirations
What is cerebral palsy (CP)?
A group of neurological disorders which impacts the development of movement and posture due to the result of atypical brain development as a foetus or during infancy.
Although it is non-progressive, its implications can be.
What function(s) does CP affect?
These disorders although primarily concerned with movement and related function, can also have an impact of “sensation, cognition, communication, perception, and/or behaviour, and/or by a seizure disorder.
5 types of CP
i. Unilateral (hemiplegia)
ii. Bilateral (diplegia)
iii. Bilateral (quadriplegia)
iv. Dyskinesia
v. Ataxia
Differences between diplegia or quadriplegia CP?
Quadriplegia – all four limbs are affected, from quad meaning four and plegia meaning paralysis, or impaired ability to move.
Diplegia – two limbs are affected, from di meaning two
What is ataxic CP?
Poor control of movement and motor planning, particularly sequencing affecting balance and gait
What is dystonic CP?
Involuntary muscle contractions that cause slow repetitive movements or abnormal postures
What is GMFCS?
Gross Motor Function Classification System
Describes the gross motor function of people with cerebral palsy on the basis of self-initiated movement abilities
What is family centred practice?
Acknowledging that a child is part of a family unit (however that may take form) and considering their thoughts, feelings and experiences during the OT process.
It is a newer approach to practice involving younger Service Users.
What is the AHA?
The Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) is a test of hand function in children with difficulties using one of their hands.
The AHA measures how effectively the affected hand and arm is used in bimanual performance. An assessment is performed by observing the child’s spontaneous handling of toys in a relaxed and playful session.
Who is the AHA suitable for?
Children. Specifically, those who are observed having difficulty using one hand – unilateral weakness.
What are some assumptions of the developmental frame of reference?
a. Development is linear and typically/should happens at set rates of progression – ‘one size fits all’
b. Lack of consideration of environmental influences
c. Bottom-up approach
What is the dynamic systems theory of development and how does this relate to a child’s culture?
Development is non-linear and individualised in nature.
There isn’t a certain way that development should happen, rather, ideally certain things should be achieved within certain age milestones.
Acknowledges that culture can also influence development.
If a person has diplegic cerebral palsy which limbs are most affected?
ULs
Outline broad stages of play
- Unoccupied (0-3 months)
- Solitary (0-2 years)
- Spectator/Onlooker behaviour (2 years)
- Parallel (2+ years)
- Associate (3-4 years)
- Cooperative (4+ years)
When do babies typically begin crawling?
8-9 months
When do babies typically begin walking?
Between 9-16 months
When do toddlers typically graduate to heel-to-toe gait and can slowly climb stairs?
18 months
When can toddlers typically walk backwards and run with ease?
2 years
Regarding mobility, what should a toddler be able to do by 3 years-old?
- Jump with both feet
- Stand on one foot for seconds
- Independently use stairs?
When should a baby be able to sit unsupported?
9 months