Unit 4 - Child and Family Practice (CP too)

Question 1

What are the 6 ‘F words’ regarding childhood disability

Answer 1

• Function
• Family
• Fitness
• Fun
• Friends
• Future

Question 2

What is function (6 f words)

Answer 2

Refers to what people do - how things are done is not what is important

Question 3

What is family (6 f words)

Answer 3

Represents the essential ‘environment’ of all children and youth

Question 4

What is fitness (6 f words)

Answer 4

Refers to physical and mental wellbeing

Question 5

What is fun (6 f words)

Answer 5

Includes activities that people enjoy

Question 6

What is friends (6 f words)

Answer 6

Refers to the friendships established with others

Question 7

What is future (6 words)

Answer 7

Is what life is all about - goals, aspirations, realistic aspirations

Question 8

What is cerebral palsy (CP)?

Answer 8

A group of neurological disorders which impacts the development of movement and posture due to the result of atypical brain development as a foetus or during infancy.

Although it is non-progressive, its implications can be.

Question 9

What function(s) does CP affect?

Answer 9

These disorders although primarily concerned with movement and related function, can also have an impact of “sensation, cognition, communication, perception, and/or behaviour, and/or by a seizure disorder.

Question 10

5 types of CP

Answer 10

i. Unilateral (hemiplegia)
ii. Bilateral (diplegia)
iii. Bilateral (quadriplegia)
iv. Dyskinesia
v. Ataxia

Question 11

Differences between diplegia or quadriplegia CP?

Answer 11

Quadriplegia – all four limbs are affected, from quad meaning four and plegia meaning paralysis, or impaired ability to move.

Diplegia – two limbs are affected, from di meaning two

Question 12

What is ataxic CP?

Answer 12

Poor control of movement and motor planning, particularly sequencing affecting balance and gait

Question 13

What is dystonic CP?

Answer 13

Involuntary muscle contractions that cause slow repetitive movements or abnormal postures

Question 14

What is GMFCS?

Answer 14

Gross Motor Function Classification System

Describes the gross motor function of people with cerebral palsy on the basis of self-initiated movement abilities

Question 15

What is family centred practice?

Answer 15

Acknowledging that a child is part of a family unit (however that may take form) and considering their thoughts, feelings and experiences during the OT process.

It is a newer approach to practice involving younger Service Users.

Question 16

What is the AHA?

Answer 16

The Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) is a test of hand function in children with difficulties using one of their hands.

The AHA measures how effectively the affected hand and arm is used in bimanual performance. An assessment is performed by observing the child’s spontaneous handling of toys in a relaxed and playful session.

Question 17

Who is the AHA suitable for?

Answer 17

Children. Specifically, those who are observed having difficulty using one hand – unilateral weakness.

Question 18

What are some assumptions of the developmental frame of reference?

Answer 18

a. Development is linear and typically/should happens at set rates of progression – ‘one size fits all’
b. Lack of consideration of environmental influences
c. Bottom-up approach

Question 19

What is the dynamic systems theory of development and how does this relate to a child’s culture?

Answer 19

Development is non-linear and individualised in nature.

There isn’t a certain way that development should happen, rather, ideally certain things should be achieved within certain age milestones.

Acknowledges that culture can also influence development.

Question 20

If a person has diplegic cerebral palsy which limbs are most affected?

Answer 20

ULs

Question 21

Outline broad stages of play

Answer 21

1. Unoccupied (0-3 months)
2. Solitary (0-2 years)
3. Spectator/Onlooker behaviour (2 years)
4. Parallel (2+ years)
5. Associate (3-4 years)
6. Cooperative (4+ years)

Question 22

When do babies typically begin crawling?

Answer 22

8-9 months

Question 23

When do babies typically begin walking?

Answer 23

Between 9-16 months

Question 24

When do toddlers typically graduate to heel-to-toe gait and can slowly climb stairs?

Answer 24

18 months

Question 25

When can toddlers typically walk backwards and run with ease?

Answer 25

2 years

Question 26

Regarding mobility, what should a toddler be able to do by 3 years-old?

Answer 26

• Jump with both feet
• Stand on one foot for seconds
• Independently use stairs?

Question 27

When should a baby be able to sit unsupported?

Answer 27

9 months