Unit 1 - Neuro Rehabilitation & Stroke Flashcards
List the 5 parts of the brain
- Frontal
- Parietal
- Occipital
- Temporal
- Cerebellum
Name 1 function for each part of the brain
- Frontal - Motor control
- Parietal - Sensory interpretation
- Occipital - Vision
- Temporal - Speech and audition
- Cerebellum - Balance and coordination
Which 3 arteries provide main blood supply to the brain?
- Anterior cerebral artery (ACA)
- Middle cerebral artery (MCA)
- Posterior cerebral artery (PCA)
How many ventricles are there in the brain?
Can you name them?
4.
The ventricular system, consist of the left and right lateral ventricles, the third ventricle, and the fourth ventricle.
What is the primary role of the hypothalamus?
Maintenance of body temperature and hormonal regulation (homeostasis)
What is a stroke?
Stroke occurs due to oxygen deprivation in the brain due to lacking sufficient blood supply, leading to the permanent damage if not death of concerned blood cells
What are the 2 primary forms of stroke?
Ischemic: the most common type of stroke. They happen when a blood clot blocks the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain. These blood clots typically form in areas where the arteries have been narrowed or blocked over time.
Hemorrhagic: when blood from an artery suddenly begins bleeding into the brain (ruptured blood vessel).
Fill in the blank:
“Strokes are the leading cause of … and thus, requires near-immediate levels of medical care after having one”
Preventable disability worldwide
Define spasticity
A positive motor symptom which results in increased muscle tone and/or stiffness in the areas affected. A particular type of hypertonia in which the muscles’ spasms are increased by movement.
Name the 3 types of pain
- Transient
- Acute
- Chronic
What is transient pain?
Due to it being the result of minimal tissue damage, this pain is typically experienced for a brief duration and a sharp sensation followed quickly by a dull one.
Functionally, should prevent further damage from the behaviour performed which caused it.
What is acute pain?
Pain of recent onset and usually time limited. Often associated with injury/disease which takes longer for the body to recover from when compared to events that lead to transient pain. If it lasts longer than 3 months, it may be considered chronic
What is chronic pain?
Pain that lasts for longer period, persisting beyond the healing of the once damaged tissue and often occurs in conditions that are chronic like joint disease, nerve damage and/or cancer.
However, chronic pain can be experienced in areas that haven’t even been damaged. This is thought to happen due to pain mechanisms and neural pathways becoming dysfunctional. Chronic pain is more than mere sensation and is multidimensional in nature.
What is the frontal lobe responsible for?
Voluntary movement, expressive language and managing higher level executive functions
What is the parietal lobe responsible for?
Processing somatosensory information from the body; this includes touch, pain, temperature, and the sense of limb position
What is the occipital lobe responsible for?
Responsible for interpreting incoming visual information
What is the temporal lobe responsible for?
Processing auditory information and the encoding of memory
What is the cerebellum responsible for?
Coordination of movement and balance
What are the general functions of the nervous system?
sensory, integrative, and motor functions
Finish the sentence:
“Motor functions can be divided into 2 groups…”
Somatic and autonomic systems