UNIT 4: Chapter Ten - 4.8 & 4.9, Pages 244-257

Question 1

Devolution

Answer 1

The transfer of some political power from the central government to subnational levels of government.

Question 2

Ethnic Separatism

Answer 2

The advocacy of full political separation (or secession) from the larger group along cultural, ethnic, tribal, or governmental lines.

Question 3

Ethnic Cleansing

Answer 3

A purposeful policy designed by one ethnic or religious group to remove by violent or terror-inspiring means the civilian population of another ethnic or religious group from certain geographic areas.

Question 4

Terrorism

Answer 4

Organized violence aimed at government and civilian targets to create fear for the advancement of political goals.

Question 5

Irredentism

Answer 5

A movement to unite people who share a language or other cultural elements but are divided by a national boundary.

Question 6

Autonomous Regions

Answer 6

Have their own local and legislative bodies to govern a region with a population that is an ethnic minority within the entire country.

Question 7

Subnationalism

Answer 7

People who have primary allegiance to a traditional group or ethnicity.

Question 8

Balkanization

Answer 8

The fragmentation of a state or region into smaller, often hostile, units along ethnolinguistic lines.

Question 9

Globalization

Answer 9

The integration of markets, states, communication, and trade on a worldwide scale.

Question 10

Supranationalism

Answer 10

The practice of multiple countries forming an organization for the benefit of all members.

Question 11

United Nations (UN)

Answer 11

Mission to promote peace, security, and human rights. 193 Member States. Headquarters in NYC

Question 12

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Answer 12

Mission to provide mutual defense of member states. 30 Member States. Headquarters in Brussels, Belgium.

Question 13

European Union (EU)

Answer 13

Mission to integrate member states politically and economically. 27 Member States. Headquarters in Brussels, Belgium.

Question 14

United State-Mexico-Canada Agreement

Answer 14

Mission to stimulate free trade among members. 3 Member States. Headquarters in Washington DC, Mexico City, and Ottawa; Canada.

Question 15

Association of Southeast Asian Nation (ASEAN)

Answer 15

Mission to advance economic growth, peace, social progress, and cultural and economic development in the region. 10 Member States. Headquarters in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Question 16

Arctic Council

Answer 16

Mission to foster cooperation, coordination, and interaction among the Arctic states with participation of Arctic indigenous communities. 8 Member States. Headquarters in Tromso, Norway.

Question 17

African Union

Answer 17

Mission to advocate peace, security, and stability on the continent through greater cooperation, economic development, and global integration. 55 Member States. Headquarters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Johannesburg, South Africa.

Question 18

World Trade Organization (WTO)

Answer 18

Mission to have countries agree to a set of fair and non-discriminatory guidelines for international trade, as well as to ensure that trade flows smoothly, freely, and predictably. 164 Member States. Headquarters in Geneva Switzerland.

Question 19

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

Answer 19

Mission to coordinate and unify its members’ petroleum policies in order to stabilize oil markets. 13 Member States. Headquarters in Vienna, Austria.

Question 20

Transnational Corporations

Answer 20

Companies that conduct business on a global scale.

Question 21

Democratization

Answer 21

The transition from autocratic to more representative forms of politics.

Question 22

Time-Space Compression

Answer 22

The social and psychological effects of faster movement of information over space in a shorter period of time.