UNIT 1: Chapter One - Topic 1.1, Pages 8-16 Flashcards
Reference Maps
They are designed for people to refer to for general information about places.
Political Maps
Show and label human-created boundaries and designations, such as countries, states, cities, and capitals.
Physical Maps
Show and label natural features, such as mountains, rivers, and deserts.
Plat Maps
Show and label property lines and details of land ownership.
Road Maps
Show and label highways, streets, and alleys.
Thematic Maps
Show spatial aspects of information or of a phenomenon.
Choropleth Maps
Use various colors, shades of one color, or patterns to show the location and distribution of spatial data (often show rates or other quantitative data in defined areas).
Dot Distribution Maps
Used to show the specific location and distribution of something across a map.
Graduated Symbol Maps
Use symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of something (Larger sizes indicate more of something, and smaller sizes indicate less).
Isoline Maps
Use lines that connect points of equal value to depict variations in the data across space (where lines are close together, the map depicts rapid change, and where the lines are farther apart, the phenomenon is relatively the same).
Topographic Maps
Points of equal elevation are connected on these maps, creating contours that depict surface features.
Cartogram
The sizes of countries are shown according to some specific statistic (allow for data to be compared, much like a graph, and distance and distribution are also visible, like on a traditional map).
Scale
The ratio between the size of things in the real world and the size of those same things on the map.
Small-scale Maps
Show a larger amount of area with less detail.
Large-scale Maps
Show a smaller amount of area with a greater amount of detail.
Absolute Location
The precise spot where something is according to a system (most widely used system is the global grid of lines known as latitude and longitude).
Relative Location
A description of where something is in relation to other things (often described in terms of connectivity and accessibility).
Connectivity
How well two location are tied together by roads or other links.
Accessibility
How quickly and easily people in one location can interact with people in another location.
Direction
Used in order to describe where things are in relation to each other.
Patterns
The general arrangement of things.
Absolute Distance
Usually measured in terms of feet, miles, meters or kilometers.
Relative Distance
Indicates the degree of nearness based on time or money and is often dependent on the mode of travel.
Distribution
The way a phenomenon is spread out over an area
Clustered (Agglomerated)
Phenomena are arranged in a group or concentrated area.
Linear Distribution
Phenomena are arranges in a straight line
Dispersed Distribution
Phenomena are spread out over a large area
Circular Distribution
Phenomena are equally spaced from a central point, forming a circle.
Geometric Distribution
Phenomena are in a regular arrangement
Random Distribution
Phenomena appear to have no order to their position.
