UNIT 2: Chapter Four - 2.4 & 2.5, Pages 76-89 Flashcards
.Immigrant
People who moved into the country.
Emigrant
People who moved out of the country.
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
The number of births per year for each 1,000 people.
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
The average number of children who would be born per woman of that group in a country (assuming every woman lived through her childbearing years).
Life Expectancy
The average number of years people live.
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
The number of children who die before their first birthday.
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
The number of deaths per year for each 1,000 people.
Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)
The percentage at which a country’s population is growing or declining, without the impact of migration.
Population Doubling Time
The time the population takes to double in size.
Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
Shows five typical stages of population change that countries experience as they modernize.
Stage 1 DTM (Characteristics)
High Stationary. High birth rate, High death rate, 0 to 0.5% Natural Increase, Very low growth, Very young Population structure, Subsistence Agriculture and Hunter Gathering, Scattered Isolated Groups.
Stage 1 Population Pyramid (Shrub)
A sharply tapering pyramid sitting on a broad base, reflecting high fertility and high mortality rates among the younger age groups.
Stage 2 DTM (Characteristics)
Early Expanding. High birth rate, Rapidly declining death rate, .5 to 4% Natural Increase, Rapid growth, Very young Population structure, Rural agricultural society, and Less Developed, Mali and South Sudan.
Stage 2 Population Pyramid (Tree)
Reflects a reduction in mortality, especially among the youngest age groups, coupled with high fertility
Stage 3 DTM (Characteristics)
Late Expanding. Declining birth rate, Slowly declining death rate, 4 to .8%, Rapid but slowing growth, Young with rising life expectancy population structure, Large movement of people from farms to cities, Emerging/Industrializing economies, Mexico; Turkey; Indonesia
Stage 3 Population Pyramid (House)
The top is still shaped like a pyramid; however, the bottom begins to level out as the birth rate becomes more stable and life expectancy continues to increase
Demographic Momentum
Population will continue to grow for at least one generation after the countries transition from early Stage 3 into Stage 4.
Stage 4 DTM (Characteristics)
Low Stationary. Low but Stable birth rate, Low but Stable death rate, .8 to 0% Natural Increase, Very low growth, Balanced with more aging population structure, Urbanized service economy; Highly developed; Rising gender equity, United States and Canada.
Stage 4 Population Pyramids (Box)
When the top of the pyramid becomes wider and looks less like a pyramid and instead becomes more box-shaped, the population lives through younger ages with a very low risk of death and dies at an old age
Stage 5 DTM (Characteristics)
Declining. So low birth rate it falls below the death rate, Low but sometimes increases, 0% to (-1%) Natural Increase, Very low decline of growth, Very old population structure, Urbanized service economy; Highly developed, Japan and Germany.
Stage 5 Population Pyramids (Cup)
Shows a shrinking population. The largest percentage of people are in their post-reproductive years and no longer having children.
Epidemiological Transition Model (ETM)
An extension of the DTM and explains the changing death rates and more common causes of death within societies.
