UNIT 2: Chapter Four - 2.4 & 2.5, Pages 76-89

Question 1

.Immigrant

Answer 1

People who moved into the country.

Question 2

Emigrant

Answer 2

People who moved out of the country.

Question 3

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

Answer 3

The number of births per year for each 1,000 people.

Question 4

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

Answer 4

The average number of children who would be born per woman of that group in a country (assuming every woman lived through her childbearing years).

Question 5

Life Expectancy

Answer 5

The average number of years people live.

Question 6

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

Answer 6

The number of children who die before their first birthday.

Question 7

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Answer 7

The number of deaths per year for each 1,000 people.

Question 8

Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)

Answer 8

The percentage at which a country’s population is growing or declining, without the impact of migration.

Question 9

Population Doubling Time

Answer 9

The time the population takes to double in size.

Question 10

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

Answer 10

Shows five typical stages of population change that countries experience as they modernize.

Question 11

Stage 1 DTM (Characteristics)

Answer 11

High Stationary. High birth rate, High death rate, 0 to 0.5% Natural Increase, Very low growth, Very young Population structure, Subsistence Agriculture and Hunter Gathering, Scattered Isolated Groups.

Question 12

Stage 1 Population Pyramid (Shrub)

Answer 12

A sharply tapering pyramid sitting on a broad base, reflecting high fertility and high mortality rates among the younger age groups.

Question 13

Stage 2 DTM (Characteristics)

Answer 13

Early Expanding. High birth rate, Rapidly declining death rate, .5 to 4% Natural Increase, Rapid growth, Very young Population structure, Rural agricultural society, and Less Developed, Mali and South Sudan.

Question 14

Stage 2 Population Pyramid (Tree)

Answer 14

Reflects a reduction in mortality, especially among the youngest age groups, coupled with high fertility

Question 15

Stage 3 DTM (Characteristics)

Answer 15

Late Expanding. Declining birth rate, Slowly declining death rate, 4 to .8%, Rapid but slowing growth, Young with rising life expectancy population structure, Large movement of people from farms to cities, Emerging/Industrializing economies, Mexico; Turkey; Indonesia

Question 16

Stage 3 Population Pyramid (House)

Answer 16

The top is still shaped like a pyramid; however, the bottom begins to level out as the birth rate becomes more stable and life expectancy continues to increase

Question 17

Demographic Momentum

Answer 17

Population will continue to grow for at least one generation after the countries transition from early Stage 3 into Stage 4.

Question 18

Stage 4 DTM (Characteristics)

Answer 18

Low Stationary. Low but Stable birth rate, Low but Stable death rate, .8 to 0% Natural Increase, Very low growth, Balanced with more aging population structure, Urbanized service economy; Highly developed; Rising gender equity, United States and Canada.

Question 19

Stage 4 Population Pyramids (Box)

Answer 19

When the top of the pyramid becomes wider and looks less like a pyramid and instead becomes more box-shaped, the population lives through younger ages with a very low risk of death and dies at an old age

Question 20

Stage 5 DTM (Characteristics)

Answer 20

Declining. So low birth rate it falls below the death rate, Low but sometimes increases, 0% to (-1%) Natural Increase, Very low decline of growth, Very old population structure, Urbanized service economy; Highly developed, Japan and Germany.

Question 21

Stage 5 Population Pyramids (Cup)

Answer 21

Shows a shrinking population. The largest percentage of people are in their post-reproductive years and no longer having children.

Question 22

Epidemiological Transition Model (ETM)

Answer 22

An extension of the DTM and explains the changing death rates and more common causes of death within societies.