Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroanatomy > Unit 4: Blood Supply Of The Spinal Cord And Brain Pg 145 - 152 > Flashcards

Unit 4: Blood Supply Of The Spinal Cord And Brain Pg 145 - 152 Flashcards

1
Q

Brain is _% of body weight

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Brain requires _% cardiac output

A

17

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Brain consumes _% oxygen used by entire body

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

30 seconds without blood in the brain =

A

Metabolism is altered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

60 seconds without blood in the brain =

A

Neuronal function may cease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

5 minutes without blood in the brain =

A

Cerebral infarction may occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ischemia, if untreated, can do what to the brain

A

Soften and liquefy (liquefactive necrosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A condition with an abrupt onset of neurological deficits caused by ischemia or hemorrhage in brain tissue as a result of vascular disease

A

Stroke

Causes of vascular lesion: arterial occlusion, cerebral arterial hemorrhage, aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Paired arteries found along most of the length of the spinal cord

A

Posterior spinal arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Posterior spinal arteries exit cranial vault through what foramen?

A

Foramen magnum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Generally unpaired arteries found along most of the length of the spinal cord

A

Anterior spinal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

From the arterial vasa corona, branches are given off to supply the cord:

A

Sulcus branches — enter v-m fissure and supply deep cord areas

Penetrating branches — supply peripheral parts of the cord and deep parts of the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Spinal arteries supply small branches into the pia that form the ___ around the spinal cord

A

Arterial vasa corona

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Blood of anterior spinal origin supplies 2/3 of anterior cord, including grey matter areas:

A

Ventral horn
Lateral horn
Intermediate zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Blood of anterior spinal origin supplies 2/3 of anterior cord, including white matter areas:

A

Ventral funiculus

Lateral funiculus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Blood of posterior spinal arteries supply the posterior 1/3 of the cord including which gray and white matter areas?

A

Most of dorsal horn

Dorsal funiculus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Segmental arteries (e.g., vertebral, intercostal, lumbar) give rise to

A

Spinal branches of segmental arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Spinal branches of segmental arteries enter vertebral canal through what?

A

IVF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Spinal branches of segmental arteries give off dorsal and ventral branches called:

A

Anterior radicular arteries and posterior radicular arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Anterior and posterior radicular arteries travel along:

A

Associated rootlets fo spinal nerves (either anterior/ventral or dorsal/posterior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Radicular arteries are small and supply

A

Nerve rootlets

23
Q

Some radicular arteries are large and anastomoses with

A

Anterior or posterior spinal arteries

Note: 9-12 anterior radicular arteries join the anterior spinal artery

Note: 14 total posterior radicular arteries join the posterior spinal arteries

24
Q

Most large radicular arteries are in what parts of the spinal cord

A

Lower cervical, lower thoracic and upper lumbar

25
Q

Vertebral arteries give rise to 3 branches:

A

Anterior spinal artery (medially)

Posterior spinal arteries (medial and inferiorly)

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery — or PICA (superiorly and laterally)

26
Q

PICA supplies what part of the cerebellum and what part of the medulla?

A

Posterior-inferior cerebellum

Medullary branches to dorsolateral medulla

27
Q

Occlusion of PICA (or vertebral artery or medullary branches of PICA) can result in

A

Lateral medullary syndrome aka Wallenberg’s syndrome (review pg. 45 of note packet)

28
Q

Branches of the basilar artery from inferior to superior:

A

Anterior inferior cerebellar artery — AICA

Internal auditory artery = labyrinthine artery

Pontine arteries (supply basilar pons)

Superior cerebellar arteries

CN III

Posterior cerebral arteries

Posterior communicating arteries (vertical, communicate with internal carotid aa)

29
Q

What artery travels through internal acoustic meats to supply auditory and vestibular receptors of the inner ear?

A

Internal auditory artery

30
Q

Occlusion of Internal auditory artery?

A

Deafness on affected side and vestibular dysfunction

31
Q

Pontine arteries supply

A

Basilar pons

32
Q

Superior cerebellar arteries supply

A

Superior surface cerebellum and SCPs

33
Q

Posterior cerebral arteries are terminal branches of

A

Basilar artery

34
Q

What artery passes around midbrain, superior to the tentorium cerebellum and along the medial and inferior surface of the temporal and occipital lobes?

Note: recall from gross II that the tentorium cerebelli is the shallow tent-like shape of the faux cerebri. The tentorium cerebelli intervenes between occipital lobes and cerebellum.

A

Posterior cerebral arteries

35
Q

Posterior cerebral arteries supply what structures:

A

Base of cerebral peduncle

36
Q

Occlusion of base of cerebral peduncle leads to

A

Posterior thalamus

Tectum of midbrain

Posterior corpus callous

Inferior surface of temporal lobe including hippocampus

Medial and inferior surface of the occipital lobe

A strip of temporal and occipital cortex along the lateral surface

37
Q

Lesion of the primary visual cortex leads to

A

Cortical blindness on contralateral side

Contralateral homonymous heminopsia

38
Q

Posterior communicating arteries connects what 2 arteries?

A

Posterior cerebral artery and internal carotid artery

39
Q

What arteries traverse the cavernous sinuses and approach the brain just lateral to the optic chiasm?

A

Internal carotid arteries

40
Q

Internal carotid arteries branches include:

A

Hypophyseal branches

Opthalmic artery

Anterior choroid always artery

Anterior cerebral artery

Middle cerebral artery

41
Q

What artery supplies corpus callous, Cingular gyrus, cortex of medial surface parietal lobes, medial and inferior surface of the frontal lobe including the olfactory bulbs and tracts

A

Anterior cerebral artery

42
Q

Occlusion of Anterior cerebral artery results in

A

Deficits in contra lower extremity:
— loss of somatosensation
— spastic paralysis of contra lower extremity
— urinary incontinence

43
Q

What artery travels along optic tract?

A

Anterior choroidal artery

44
Q

What artery supplies uncut, amygdala, optic tract, some hippocampus, some LGB of thalamus?

A

Anterior choroidal artery

45
Q

The middle cerebral artery enters the lateral sulcus to give rise to:

A

Lenticulostriate arteries

46
Q

Lenticulostriate arteries supply:

A

Corpus striatum

Much of internal capsule

47
Q

Occlusion of internal capsule

A

Various sensory and motor disturbances

48
Q

The middle cerebral artery supplies functional areas that include:

A

▫ auditory cortex (primary and associative)
▫ primary motor - except for lower extremity and trunk
▫ premotor - including frontal eye field (FEF)
▫ primary somatosensory except for lower extremity and
trunk
▫ in the dominant hemisphere - sensory and motor
language centers

49
Q

Occlusion of middle cerebral artery can result in:

A

— slight decrease in hearing in both ears
— spastic paralysis of contralateral upper extremities and
muscles of facial expression on contralateral ½ face (and maybe tongue)
— loss of voluntary gaze to the contralateral side
— loss of somatosensation of contralateral upper extremity and
contralateral face

50
Q

What arteries make up the cerebral arterial circle of Willis?

A 
— anterior communicating artery
— anterior cerebral arteries
— internal carotid arteries
— posterior communicating arteries
— posterior cerebral arteries
51
Q

What is the clinical significance of the cerebral arterial circle of Willis?

A

With occlusion of one ore more arteries in the circle, there may be some alteration of blood flow from one of the anastomosing vessels

Neuroanatomy (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions