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3/4 Health and Human Development > Unit 4 AOS 2: Aid > Flashcards

Unit 4 AOS 2: Aid Flashcards

1
Q

What is global health

A
  • Health of populations in a worldwide context
  • Goes beyond perspectives and concerns of individual countries
  • Is about an international collaborative approach to achieving equity in health for all people worldwide
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2
Q

What is human development?

A
  • Enhancing human abilities
    (develop knowledge, live a long and health life, achieving a decent standard of living)
  • Creating conditions for human development
    (participation in political and community life, human security and human rights, gender equality, environmental sustainability)
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3
Q

What is the interrelationship between Health and Human Development?

A
  • PMS
  • Good health allows individuals in living a long and healthy life and contributes to children being able to attend school and develop knowledge they need to make choices about their everyday lives
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4
Q

What is the interrelationship between health and sustainability?

A
  • Economic, social, environmental sustainability
  • Good health allows children to attend school increasing social sustainability
  • When people are healthy there is a greater chance for them to attend school and get education and then find secure employment and earn an income increasing economic sustainability
  • People who earn a good income increase their rate of having access to safe water, food and shelter which increases economic and environmental sustainability
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5
Q

What is the interrelationship between human development and sustainability?

A
  • With human development comes increase knowledge and education
  • It is through education that individuals develop the knowledge and skills required to promote all three types of sustainability
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6
Q

What is sustainable human development?

A
  • Current/future generations reaching their full potential
  • And leading healthy, creative and productive lives in accordance with their needs and interests
  • Enables current/future generations to participate in the lives of their communities and influence the decisions that affect their lives
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7
Q

What is emergency aid?

A
  • Rapid assistance given to people or countries in immediate distress to relieve suffering
  • Can be provided through provision of food, medicine, shelter, health workers, doctors
  • Short term and used to keep people alive
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8
Q

What is bilateral aid?

A
  • Provision of aid from the government of one country to another
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9
Q

What is multilateral aid?

A
  • Aid provided through international organisations such as WHO
  • Combines donations from a number of countries and distributes them to recipients
  • Addresses health issues on a global level
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10
Q

What is NGO aid?

A
  • Operates separate from the Government
  • Non profit organisation
  • Focus on meeting basic health needs, community development and emergency aid
    e. g. World Vision Australia
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11
Q

Who is DFAT? What do they provide to developing countries?

A
  • Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
  • Government provides Official Development Assistance
  • Government committed approx 28% of GNI for overseas aid
  • Provides aid to 75 countries including Indonesia and Papa New Guinea
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12
Q

How does Australian government provide aid?

A
  • Providing funds to international organisations such as the UN and WHO (multilateral aid)
  • Providing humanitarian assistance in times of need (emergency aid)
  • Forming bilateral partnerships with developing countries
  • Funding NGO’s
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13
Q

What are the six priority areas for Australia’s aid initiative?

A
  • Infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness
  • Agriculture, fisheries and water
  • Education and health
  • Gender equality and empowering women and girls
  • Effective governance: policies, institutions and functioning economies
  • Building resilience: humanitarian assistance, disaster risk reduction and social protection
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14
Q

What is infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness

A
  • Refers to improving infrastructure in developing countries as well as improving trade opportunities and reducing poverty
  • Without sustainable infrastructure people cannot get access to health clinics which can impact on children going to school as they are sick and therefore not getting an education
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15
Q

What is education and health?

A
  • Works to improve health by having equitable, accesible and affordable health systems for all people so everyone can live healthy and productive lives
  • Works to improve education so people can live productive lives in accordance with their needs and interests (earn an income)
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16
Q

What is gender equality and empowering women and girls?

A
  • By empowering women and girls, benefits can involve higher average incomes, greater levels of income and healthier communities
  • Autralian-Pacific Women Parliamentarians Partnership helps address low levels of women representation in Pacific politics
17
Q

What is effective governance?

A
  • Refers to forming well-functioning governments which can work to provide stability and maintain law and order by ensuring disputes can be resolved in a civilised matter
  • Aus has helped Solomon Islands to improve budget processes allowing them to meet debt obligations and increase revenue
18
Q

What is building resilience?

A
  • Providing humanitarian assistance in crisis situations

- Can be done through providing funds to NGO’s such as Red cross which provide humanitarian assistance

19
Q

What is agriculture, fisheries and water?

A
  • Works to improve agricultural and water management practices
  • Does this through strengthening markets, innovating for productivity and promoting effective policy
  • In Cambodia, Aus is assisting with efficient use of irrigation water by working with government and NGO
20
Q

What is the United Nations?

A
  • International organisation
  • Purpose is to bring all nations of the world to work together for peace and development
  • Based on principles of justice, human dignity and the well being of all people
21
Q

4 Organisations that work for the UN

A
  • WHO
  • UNICEF
  • World Bank
  • World Food Programme
22
Q

4 Areas of focus for the UN

A
  • Promoting human rights
  • Promoting world peace and security
  • Providing humanitarian assistance
  • Promoting social and economic development
23
Q

How can the UN promote world peace and security?

A
  • Issue a ceasefire that can help prevent ongoing conflict
  • Send peacekeeping forces to help reduce tensions and separate opposing forces and establish a calm and peaceful environment
24
Q

How can the UN promote human rights?

A
  • Through the UN human rights council which is responsible for the strengthening the promotion and protection of human rights
  • The Universal Declaration of Human Rights which sets out basic human rights to which all people are entitled
25
Q

What are human rights?

A
  • All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights
  • Everyone as the right to a standard of living adequate for health and wellbeing of oneself and their family e.g. food, shelter
  • Everyone has the right to freedom of thought
  • Everyone has the right to education
26
Q

How does the UN provide humanitarian assistance?

A
  • UN raises billions of dollars from international donors and appeals
  • Also coordinates responses through key humanitarian bodies such as UN Childrens fund and the World Food Programme
27
Q

How does the UN promote social and economic development?

A
  • UNDP assists governments in implementing policies, programs and strategies to improve social and economic development
    e. g.
  • Promoting higher standards of living
  • Encouraging universal respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms
28
Q

What is UNCIEF?

A
  • Organisation that works for the UN
  • Aims to uphold the rights of children worldwide by working to promote education
  • Eliminate child labour and abuse
  • Prevent HIV among children
  • Provide immunisations
29
Q

What is WFP

A
  • World Food Programme
  • Works to eliminate world hunger by providing emergency food aid and promoting sustainable food security in developing countries
30
Q

What is the aim of WHO?

A
  • Concerned with promoting global health
31
Q

What are the 6 WHO priorities?

A
  • Health related sustainable development goals
  • Non communicable diseases
  • Social, economic and environmental determinants
  • Increased access to medical products
  • International health regulations
  • Universal health coverage
32
Q

What is universal health coverage?

A
  • Ensures that all people can have access to health services they need without suffering financial hardship when paying for them
33
Q

What is the health related sustainable development goals?

A
  • The world must sustain the gains made toward the SDG “Good health and wellbeing” ad help create equal levels of achievement
34
Q

What is meant by the priority non communicable diseases?

A
  • Combating non-communicable diseases
  • Cancers
  • Cardiovascular disease (heart attack/stroke)
  • Chronic respiratory disease
  • Diabetes
35
Q

What is meant by the priority International Health Regulations?

A
  • Outlines measures countries should take to reduce the spread of diseases from the microbial world
    e. g. quarantine
36
Q

What is meant by the priority access essential, high quality, effective and affordable medical products?

A
  • Priority recognises that equity in health depends upon access to essential, high quality and affordable medical technologies and medicines
37
Q

What is meant by the priority addressing the social, economic and environmental determinants

A
  • Recognises that to improve health outcomes and increase life expectancy action is needed across a range of factors outside the health system
    e,g, access to clean water and sanitation, poverty
38
Q

What program is World Vision involved with? What type of aid is it?

A
  • Humanitarian and emergency relief

- Provides rapid emergency relief to people affected by war and conflict

39
Q

What program is Aus Red Cross involved with? What type of aid is it?

A
  • Meeting humanitarian needs in crises

- Aus Red Cross contributes to emergency relief operations for major disasters/armed conflicts

3/4 Health and Human Development (6 decks)

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