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3/4 Health and Human Development > Unit 3 AOS 1: NHPA's (B) > Flashcards

Unit 3 AOS 1: NHPA's (B) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 9 NHPA’s?

A 
Arthritis and Muscular Skeletal Conditions
Diabetes Mellitus 
Asthma
Dementia
Cardiovascular Health 
Obesity
Mental Health
Injury prevention and control
Cancer control
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2
Q

Key features of Injury Prevention and Control

A
  • Relates to harmful effects on the human body that are due to particular events
  • Injuries may be accidental and some may also be intentional
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3
Q

Why is Injury Prevention and Control a NHPA?

A
  • Injury is main cause of death for people under the age of 45
  • Most injury cases are considered preventable
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4
Q

Risk factor determinants related to Injury Prevention and Control

A
  • Males and risk taking behaviour
  • Age
  • Housing
  • Socioeconomic status
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5
Q

Health promotion program for Injury Prevention and Control

A

National Road Safety Strategy

  • Developed by Australian Transport Council
  • Aims to cut the road toll by at least 30%
  • Addresses the range of factors that contribute to road-related injuries
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6
Q

Key Features of Obesity

A
  • Relates to carrying excess body weight in the form of fat that can have negative impacts on health
  • BMI over 30
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7
Q

Why is Obesity an NHPA?

A
  • Due to its relationship with the development of other conditions (e.g. cardiovascular disease, type 2 gestational diabetes, kidney disease, arthritis)
  • Overweight and Obesity have risen over time (raised from 57 percent to 63 since 1995)
  • Preventable
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8
Q

Risk factors for Obesity

A
  • Lack of physical activity (less energy expended which may increase weight gain)
  • Age (metabolism slows down)
  • Reduced access to recreational facilities (gyms)
  • Socio-economic status (lower levels of physical activity and a more energy-dense diet)
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9
Q

Health promotion program for Obesity

A

LiveLight Campaign

  • Implemented by Heart Foundation and Cancer Council
  • Targeted at adults
  • Aim to assist individuals in eating well, being physically active and maintaining a healthy body weight
  • 12-week meal and activity planner
  • Recipes
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10
Q

Key Features of Cardiovascular Health

A
  • Refers to the health of the heart and blood vessels
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11
Q

Why is Cardiovascular Health an NHPA?

A
  • Due to it’s relationship with burden of disease, its costs and how it can be largely prevented
  • Hypertension affected 9.5% of the population
  • Cost the health system 7.7 billion dollars in 08/09
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12
Q

Risk factors for Cardiovascular Health

A
  • Body weight (being overweight can increase risk of hypertension)
  • Lack of physical activity (unused energy is stored as fat)
  • Access to recreational facilities
  • Stress (long periods of stress can increase risk of heart attack and high blood pressure)
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13
Q

Health Promotion Strategy for Cardiovascular Health

A

LiveLighter Program

  • Targeted at adults
  • Aim to assist individuals in eating well, being physically active and maintaining a healthy body weight
  • 12-week meal and activity planner
  • Recipes
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14
Q

Key Features of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal conditions

A
  • Conditions of the bones, muscles and other attachments such as ligaments, tendons and joints.
    E.g. osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, arthritis
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15
Q

Why is Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Conditions an NHPA?

A
  • Due to their high rates of morbidity
  • Account for 5% of Burden of Disease
  • Significant costs to individuals and community
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16
Q

Risk factors for Arthritis and Musculokskeletal Conditions

A
  • Body weight (being overweight/obese puts more pressure on joints)
  • Lack of sun exposure
  • Transport systems (transport that does not promote active transport may contribute to weight gain and arthritis)
  • Socioeconomic status (people with a low SES may not have knowledge relating to healthy food intake)
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17
Q

Health Promotion Strategy for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Conditions

A

Arthritis Australia

  • Non government organisation
  • Aims to reduce impact of musculoskeletal conditions
  • Done through peer support, education for individuals and families
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18
Q

Key features of Diabetes Mellitus

A
  • Refers to when the individual is unable to utilise blood glucose
  • Split into Type 1, 2 and Gestational diabetes
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19
Q

Why is Diabetes Mellitus an NHPA?

A
  • Is a leading contributor to burden of disease
  • 4 percent of Australians have diabetes as a long term condition
  • Diabetes is a growing health problem in Australia
  • Influenced by a range of modifiable risk factors
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20
Q

Risk factors for Diabetes Mellitus

A
  • Genetic predisposition
  • Dietary behaviour (have a high energy-dense diet)
  • Reduced access to recreational facilities
  • Socioeconomic status
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21
Q

Health promotion program for Diabetes Mellitus

A

LiveLighter Campaign

  • Implemented by Heart Foundation and Cancer Council
  • Targeted at adults
  • Aim to assist individuals in eating well, being physically active and maintaining a healthy body weight
  • 12-week meal and activity planner
  • Recipes
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22
Q

Key features of Asthma

A
  • Characterised by inflammation of the airways in response to “triggers”
  • Can make it difficult to breathe
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23
Q

Why is Asthma an NHPA?

A
  • It is the most commonly reported long term condition
  • One of most frequent reasons for hospitalisation of children
  • Has significant treatment costs
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24
Q

Risk factors of Asthma

A
  • Genetic predisposition
  • Environmental tobacco smoke
  • Smoking
  • Low socioeconomic status
25
Q

Key features of Mental Health

A
  • Can be short or long term

- Caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain

26
Q

Why is Mental Health an NHPA?

A
  • Most common non-fatal burden of disease
  • Mental health problems share a relationship with other risk factors (alcohol/drug abuse)
  • Treatment strategies can be extremely effective in managing the illness
27
Q

Risk factors of Mental Health

A
  • Genetic predisposition
  • Drug misuse
  • Access to recreational facilities
  • Unemployment
28
Q

Health Promotion Strategy for Mental Health

A 
Youth Beyond Blue 
- Encourages people to,
LOOK 
LISTEN 
TALK 
SEEK HELP
29
Q

Function of carbohydrates

A

Provide fuel for energy

30
Q

Food source of carbohydrates

A
  • Beans
  • Pasta
  • Bread
31
Q

Function of fibre

A

Regulate functioning of digestive system

32
Q

Food source of fibre

A
  • Wholemeal bread
  • Fruit and vegetables
  • Baked beans
33
Q

Function of protein

A

Promote the growth, maintenance and repair of body cells

34
Q

Food source of protein

A
  • Eggs
  • Dairy
  • Chicken
35
Q

Function of fats

A

Fuel for energy

36
Q

Food source of monounsaturated fats

A
  • Olive oil
  • Avocado
  • Canola oil
37
Q

Food source of polyunsaturated fat

A
  • Fish
  • Nuts
  • Canola oil
38
Q

Food source of saturated fats

A
  • Fried food
  • Fatty meats
  • Pastries
39
Q

Food source of transfat

A
  • Pies
  • Pastries
  • Cakes
40
Q

Function of Vitamin D

A

Absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the intestines to the blood stream

41
Q

Food source of Vitamin D

A
  • Cheese
  • Egg yolk
  • Beef liver
42
Q

Function of calcium

A

Hardening/ossifying for hard tissue

43
Q

Food source of calcium

A
  • Broccoli
  • Milk
  • Orange juice
44
Q

Function of phosphorus

A

Works with calcium to harden/ossify bones

45
Q

Food source of phosphorus

A
  • Dairy
  • Eggs
  • Chicken
46
Q

Function of sodium

A

Regulates fluids in the body

47
Q

Food source of sodium

A
  • Salt
  • Olives
  • Fish
48
Q

Function of water

A
  • Assist with weight management

- Helps regulate digestion

49
Q

Nutrients risk of Cardiovascular disease

A
  • Saturated/trans fats
  • Carbohydrates
  • Protein
  • Sodium
50
Q

Nutrients risk of Diabetes

A
  • Carbohydrates, protein and fats
  • Trans fat
  • Saturated fat
51
Q

Nutrients risk of Colorectal cancer

A
  • Carbohydrates
  • Protein
  • Fats
  • Saturated fat
52
Q

Nutrients risk of Obesity

A
  • Carbohydrates, protein and fats
53
Q

Nutrients risk of Osteoporosis

A
  • Protein

- Sodium

54
Q

Protective factors of Cardiovascular health

A
  • Fibre
  • Monounsaturated fats
  • Polyunsaturated fats
  • Water
55
Q

Protective factors of diabetes

A
  • Fibre
  • Monosaturated
  • Polyunsaturated
  • Water
56
Q

Protective nutrients of Colorectal cancer

A
  • Fibre

- Water

57
Q

Protective nutrients of obesity

A
  • Fibre

- Water

58
Q

Protective nutrients of osteoporosis

A
  • Calcium
  • Phosphorus
  • Vitamin D

3/4 Health and Human Development (6 decks)

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