Unit 4 AOS 1 Flashcards
What is the valency of the Carbon atom
4
How many outer shell electrons does carbon have
4
Nature of C-C bond
strong and stable
Prefixes for halogens
chloro, idodo, bromo, fluoro
What is the functional group for ketones
carbonyl group
How do you label an alkene/alkyne with more than one bond
di, tri, tetra
What can’t C=C bonds do
rotate
What are the groups called for trans and cis isomers
hetero groups
What does it mean if you can draw a line of symmetry in compound
it’s achiral
What reactions can alkenes undergo
substitution, photochemical substitution
What is photochemical substitution equation for with Cl
alkane + Cl (UV) = haloalkane + HCl
What should be added to hydrocarbon to form amino group
ammonia
Formula for ammonia
NH3
What happens when you add water to alkene + catalyst
OH and H are added into hydrocarbon
What type of catalyst is necessary for addition of water to alkene
acidic catalyst
What is needed to react H2 with alkene
catalyst, e.g. Pt
What reaction can a secondary alcohol undergo
oxidation to form ketone
What reactions can a primary alcohol undergo
oxidation to form aldehyde, esterification
What reactions can a carboxylic acid undergo
can be reacted with amine to form amide and water, esterification
What can’t tertiary alcohols react to form
ketone, aldehyde, carboxylic acid
What is needed for esterification to occur
concentrated H2SO4 (liquid) and all of the reactants must be in liquid state
What is necessary for hydrolysis of an ester
water, H+
What is organic chemistry
study of carbon-containing compounds (usually containing C-H bonds and excluding compounds such as cyanide, carbon oxides and carbonates - as they are inorganic compounds)
What are hydrocarbons
compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms