Unit 4 Flashcards
Who discovered the cell/cellule?
Robert Hooke
What is cell theory?
1-all organisms are composed of cells
2-cells are the smallest living things
3-cells arise from pre-existing cells, just like what they compose
What is the difference between a dissecting microscope, a compound microscope and a electron microscope?
Dissecting: whole specimens with max 40x
Compound: general shapes of internal cell structure with max 1000x
Electron: bombards the specimen with electrons, able to magnify the most
What are the lower and upper limits of cell size?
Lower: the organelles need to fit inside
Upper: the exchange of materials with the environment needs to keep up, the bigger the volume, the harder it its for the cell membrane to keep up
What is common to all cells?
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
DNA
What is plasma membrane
Surrounds cytoplasm, the shell
What is cytoplasm
Fluid in which the organelles float, aids metabolism
What is ribosomes
They make proteins
What is DNA
Also called chromatin, chromosomes and plasmids, they are the instructions
What are the possible shapes of bacteria?
Bacillus-rod
Spirochete-spiral
Coccus-sphere
What do prokaryotic cell have that replace the nucleus
A nucleoid
What is a flagellum
A little tail, aids in mobility
What is pili?
Small hairs on the outside of the cell, attach to other surfaces
What are the roles of the cell wall
Maintains the shape of the cellule and protects it
What is a capsule? In which cell type is it found?
Found in prokaryotic cells, it covers the cell wall and guards the cell
