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U.S. History > Unit 3: The Progressive Era > Flashcards

Unit 3: The Progressive Era Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the four goals of progressivism?

A
  • protecting social welfare
  • promoting moral improvement
  • creating economic reform
  • fostering efficiency
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2
Q

What does protecting social welfare consist of?

A

Soften the harsh conditions of industrialization

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3
Q

What groups were started to protect social welfare?

A

Social Gospel Movement(settlement houses)
YMCA: Young Men’s Christian Association
Salvation Army

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4
Q

What was the YMCA?

A

A group of men that opened libraries, sponsored classes, built swimming pools; place to go for young men

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5
Q

What did the Salvation Army do?

A
  • a group of people that fed the poor in soup kitchens

- sent “slum brigades” to instruct poor immigrants in middle-class values of hard work and temperance

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6
Q

Who was Florence Kelley?

A
  • an advocate for improving the lives of women and children

- was appointed as chief inspector of Illinois factories; helped pass state law banning child labor

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7
Q

What was the temperance movement?

A

An organized campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption

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8
Q

What three groups dominated the temperance movement?

A
  • Prohibition Movement
  • Women’s Christian Temperance Union
  • Anti-Saloon League
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9
Q

What did those that supported prohibition believe?

A

Saloons/alcohol undermined public morals

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10
Q

What is prohibition?

A

A ban on the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages

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11
Q

What was the WCTU?

A

Leaders in temperance movement (Carry Nation)

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12
Q

What did the WCTU do?

A

Entered saloons:

  • singing
  • praying
  • urging saloon owners to stop selling alcohol
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13
Q

How many members were part of the WCTU in 1911?

A

245,000 members (mostly women)

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14
Q

What other contributions did the WCTU do?(3)

A
  • opened kindergartens to immigrants
  • visited prisoners
  • worked in suffrage movement
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15
Q

What was the Anti-Saloon League?

A

Blamed immigrants for country’s alcoholic problem

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16
Q

What did the Anti-Saloon League do?

A

Worked to:

  • pass laws to force people to change
  • punish those who drank
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17
Q

What kind of people played key roles in alerting the public?

A
  • journalists

- writers

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18
Q

What exposed the meat-packing industry?

A

Upton Sinclair’s book called “The Juggle”

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19
Q

What exposed political corruption?

A

Lincoln Steffen’s called “The Shame of Cities”

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20
Q

Who were Muckcrakers?

A

Journalists who uncover wrongdoings

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21
Q

What is scientific management?

A

Breaking manufacturing tasks into simpler parts

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22
Q

Who started “Taylorism,” something that has to do with scientific management?

A

Fredrick Winslow Taylor

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23
Q

What was the result of “Taylorism”?

A

Led to the beginning of shrinking the workday to eight hours

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24
Q

What was the progressive era about?

A

It was aimed to restore economic opportunities and correct social injustices in American life

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25
Q

Women that were active in public life were what?

A

Often educated at new women’s colleges

small percentage of upper-class

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26
Q

What year were women accepted into Vassar?

A

1865

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27
Q

What year were women accepted into Wellesley?

A

1875

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28
Q

What colleges refused to admit women?

later would have separate colleges for women

A

Harvard, Columbia and Brown

29
Q

Many educated women applied ___________/________ to the reform movement.

A

knowledge/skills

30
Q

Uneducated laborers started reforms in ______________.

A

workplace

31
Q

What strengthened the movements?

A

Participation of educated women

32
Q

What was “social housekeeping”?

A

targeted:

  • workplace reform
  • housing reform
  • educational improvement
  • food and drug laws
33
Q

What was the NACW?

A

The National Association of Colored Women was founded in 1896

34
Q

What did the NACW involve?

A

Campaigns in favor of women’s suffrage and against lynching/Jim Crow laws

35
Q

Who were the founders of the NACW?

A
  • Harriet Tubman

- Ida B. Wells

36
Q

What was the most important African American women’s movement group?

A

NACW

37
Q

What is suffrage?

A

The right to vote

38
Q

How many years did women’s organizations actively campaign for the right to vote?

A

70 years

39
Q

T or F

Many people, including women, did NOT want women to have the right to vote.

A

TRUE

40
Q

What did many suffragists face when hearing these arguments?

A

Confrontation including:

  • ridicule
  • threats
  • violence
41
Q

Who were some major suffrage leaders?

A
  • Elizabeth Cady Staton

- Susan B. Anthony

42
Q

Who was Susan B. Anthony?

A

A tireless strategist and organizer

43
Q

Who was Elizabeth Cady Stanton?

A

A skilled speaker and writer

44
Q

They both fought into the ____ century.

A

20th

45
Q

What was the Seneca Falls Convention?

A

Women split over the 14th and 15th amendments which granted equal rights (including the right to vote for African American Men) but excluded women

46
Q

Who were some leaders that were part of the National Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)?

A
  • Susan B. Anthony
  • Elizabeth Cady Stanton
  • Lucy Stone
  • Julia Ward Howe
47
Q

Who was arrested for “civil disobedience”?

A

Susan B. Anthony where she led a group of women to the polls in Rochester New York where she insisted on voting

48
Q

What is “civil disobedience”?

A

A nonviolent refusal to obey a law in an effort to change it

49
Q

What did the liquor industry fear?

A

That women would vote in support of Prohibition

50
Q

What did the textile industry worry about?

A

That women would vote for restrictions for child labor

51
Q

What did men fear?

A

The changing role of women in society

52
Q

What did the American Women Suffrage Association work on to win voting rights?

A

Moved to the state level

53
Q

What state entered union as first state to grant women suffrage (1869)?

A

Wyoming

54
Q

What other states followed Wyoming in the 1890s?

A

Utah, Colorado, Idaho

55
Q

What did western states do to be able to survive on the frontier?

A

Combined efforts of both men and women which encouraged a greater sense of equality

56
Q

What did the 14th Amendment state?

A

Declared that they would lose congressional representation of their male citizens were denied the right to vote

57
Q

In 1875 what did the Supreme Court rule out?

A

Women were indeed citizens but would later say that citizenship does not automatically mean right to vote

58
Q

What did the NAWSA concentrate their efforts on?

A

The 14th Amendment and granting women the right to vote

59
Q

For 41 years they fought to have an amendment introduced to Congress but __________.

A

failed

60
Q

Pushing forth a national law proved much more _________.

A

difficult

61
Q

The law kept stalling in the ___________ and was not revisited until 1913.

A

Senate

62
Q

By 1890, women had won many rights such as:

A

buying, selling and will property

63
Q

Younger women started to join the _____________.

A

movement

64
Q

What new leaders took over when Staton and Anthony died?

A
  • Carrie Chapman Catt

- Alice Paul

65
Q

What three major developments were made when women’s suffrage won?

A
  • increased activism of local groups
  • use of bold new strategies to build enthusiasm
  • rebirth of national movement under Carrie Chapman Catt
66
Q

What were the five tactics that Catt used in the National Movement:

A
  • organization
  • close ties between local, state and national workers
  • establishing a wide base of support
  • cautious lobbying
  • gracious, lady-like behavior
67
Q

What kind of strategies did Alice Paul use in her movement?

A

radical strategies like picketing the White House

68
Q

What did the 19th amendment state?

A

Passed legislation in 1919 granting women the right to vote

69
Q

The 19th Amendment won final ratification in August if what year?

A

1920

U.S. History (11 decks)

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