unit 3- memory Flashcards
hermann ebbinghaus
memory experiment demonstrated that meaningless stimuli are more difficult to memorize and recall than meaningful stimuli, that learning is more effective when spaced out overtime, and that forgetting happens, most rapidly right after learning, occurs and slows down over time
elizabeth loftus
known for her work in the study of false memory information, and the miss information effect, Loftus, his experiments reveals that the memories of eyewitnesses can often be altered after exposing them to incorrect information about an event, demonstrating the malleability of memory
george a miller
One of the founders of cognitive psychology, miller discovered that human short-term memory is usually limited to holding between five and nine pieces of information at a time
memory
Learning that has persisted over time and information that has been stored and can be retrieved
recall
Being able to access the information without being cued (fill in the blank)
Recognition
Identifying information after experiencing it again (multiple choice exam)
relearning
The process by which we learned something for the second time. This learning process often occurs faster than the first time
encoding
The process of putting information into the memory system
Storage
The creation of a permanent record of the encoded information
Retrieval
The calling back of stored information on demand when it’s needed
iconic memory
visual
echoic memory
auditory
haptic memory
touch
maintenance rehearsal
Straight repeating of information in order to memorize it
Chunking
Process of taking individual pieces of information and grouping them into larger units
