Unit 3 List 3 DNA & Heredity AL Flashcards
Cellular Divison
The division of a cell into two daughter cells with the same genetic material.
egg cell
the female reproductive cell
epigenetic
The study of how cells control gene activity without changing the DNA sequence.
fertilization
The union of two gametes.
genome
The entire set of DNA instructions found in a cell.
Inherited traits
A particular genetically determined characteristic or quality passed down from parents.
Multicellular organism
An organism that is made of many cells.
sexual reproduction
The production of new organisms by the combination of genetic information of two individuals of different sexes.
sperm cell
The male reproductive cell, formed in the testicle.
autosomal
One of the numbered chromosomes, as opposed to the sex chromosomes.
complete dominance
A form of dominance where in the dominant allele masks the effect of the recessive allele.
dihybrid cross
A mating experiment between two organisms that are identically hybrid for two traits.
F1 (first filial)
The first filial generation seeds/plants or animals offspring resulting from a cross mating of distinctly different parental types.
F2 (second filial)
The result of a cross between two F1 individuals.
genotypic ratio
The number of times a genotype would appear in the offspring after a test cross.
Hardy-Weinberg Conditions
The genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next.
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
A principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next.
incomplete dominance
A form of Gene interaction n which both alleles of a gene at a locus are partially expressed,
monohybrid cross
The hybrid of two individuals with homozygous genotypes.
P (parental) generation
The first generation involving two individuals that are mated to foresee or analyze the genotypes of their offspring.
phenotypic ratio
A ratio comparing the possible outcomes for an organism based on physical appearance.
polygenic inheritance
The inheritance of a trait governed by more than one gene.
population
An assortment of organisms of a species that live in the same place at the same time.
ratio
The quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number of times on value contains or is contained within the other.
variation
Any difference between cells, individual organisms, or groups of organisms.
