Unit 3 List 3 DNA & Heredity AKT

Question 1

the process by which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells

Answer 1

cellular division

Question 2

the female reproductive cell, or gamete, in most anisogamous organisms

Answer 2

egg cell

Question 3

the study of heritable traits, or a stable change of cell function, that happen without changes to the DNA sequence

Answer 3

epigenetic

Question 4

the action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote

Answer 4

fertilization

Question 5

a particular genetically determined characteristic or quality that distinguishes somebody

Answer 5

inherited traits

Question 6

an organism that consists of more than one cell

Answer 6

multicellular organism

Question 7

a type of reproduction that involves a complex life cycle in which a gamete with a single set of chromosomes combines with another gamete to produce a zygote that develops into an organism composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes

Answer 7

sexual reproduction

Question 8

the male reproductive cell, or gamete, in anisogamous forms of sexual reproduction

Answer 8

sperm cell

Question 9

the gene in question is located on one of the numbered, or non-sex, chromosomes

Answer 9

autosomal

Question 10

a condition wherein the dominant allele completely masks the effect of the recessive allele

Answer 10

complete dominance

Question 11

the generation of hybrids produced from a cross between the genetically different individuals called parents

Answer 11

F1 (first filial)

Question 12

consists of the offsprings of the F1 generation

Answer 12

F2 (second filial)

Question 13

The complete set of DNA (genetic material) in an organism

Answer 13

genome

Question 14

a mating experiment between two organisms that are identically hybrid for two traits

Answer 14

dihybrid cross

Question 15

the proportional relationship between different genotypes that result from a genetic cross

Answer 15

genotypic ratio

Question 16

genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next

Answer 16

Hardy-Weinberg Conditions

Question 17

the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors

Answer 17

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

Question 18

a form of Gene interaction in which both alleles of a gene at a locus are partially expressed, often resulting in an intermediate or different phenotype

Answer 18

incomplete dominance

Question 19

a cross between two organisms with different variations at one genetic locus of interest

Answer 19

monohybrid cross

Question 20

the original pair of parents at the start of a genetic cross experiment

Answer 20

P (parental) generation

Question 21

a ratio comparing the possible outcomes for an organism based on physical appearance

Answer 21

phenotypic ratio

Question 22

the inheritance of a trait governed by more than one genes

Answer 22

polygenic inheritance

Question 23

the whole number of inhabitants occupying an area

Answer 23

population

Question 24

a numerical comparison of how many offspring will have one phenotype versus another

Answer 24

ratio

Question 25

any difference between cells, individual organisms, or groups of organisms

Answer 25

variation

Question 26

the genetic constitution of an individual organism.

Answer 26

genotype

Question 27

the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Answer 27

phenotype