Unit 3, lesson 3: respiratory system / circulatory system / digextive system Flashcards
ALL THE SYSTEMS
cellular respiration (what does it do, what does it need)
Cellular respiration is the process that provides oxygen to the cells in your body, this oxygen is essential to release energy stored in muscles
“digram” of the respriatory system
nose/mouth
pharynx (throat)
larynx (voicebox)
trachea (lined with cartilage) and lungs
bronchus/bronchi (you have two)
bronchioles
capillaries
alveolus
diaphragm
what happens during inhalation
ribs pulled up + out
diaphragm contracts/moves down
increased lung volume
pressure decrease in the lungs –> intake of air
what happens during exhalation
ribs fall
diaphragm relaxes / moves up
decreased lung volume
pressure in lungs increases –> outtake of waste (CO2)
gas exchange is a process of _____ that happens ____
diffusion, inside the alveoli
what are the four sections of the heart (which are allocated to what, how dose the flow “look”)
right atrium left atrium
right ventricle left ventricle
the right side is oxygenated blood going into the lungs
the left side is deoxygenated blood going to the body
from body (deoxygenated) –> right atrium –> right ventricle –> lungs (oxygenated) –> left atrium –> left ventricle –> rest of body
valves
control the flow of blood / prevent backflow
veins have valves, arteries do not (because arteries are pressured)
blood vessels (what they do, 3 types)
the branches of the circulatory system, as they extend throughout the body they get smaller and smaller allowing them access to ALL the cells within your body
arteries: thick, elasticy, carry blood away from the heart
capillary: small and thin (one cell thick), where nutrients, waste, and gas exchange occur
vein: thin, not elastic, carries blood towards the heart, HAS VALVES
What are the two systems that make up the circulatory system
Pulmonary system: circulates deoxygenated blood towards the heart to get oxygenated
Systemic system: circulates oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body to deliver nutrients (such as oxygen) and pick up waste
Digestive system “diagram”
teeth
salivary glands
tongue
esophagus (food passageway from mouth to stomach)
stomach
liver
pancreas
gall bladder
small intestine
large intestine
anus
esopahgus
food passageway between mouth and stomach
liver
produces digestive juice called bile
gall bladder
stores bile until needed for digestion
pancreas
produces digestive juices to further break down food in digestion
small intestine
absorbs nutrients from food substances which are sent to all body parts by blood vessels
large intestine
stores unused solids all liquids are removed
what are the four steps to the digestion process
ingestion (mouth, teeth, salivary glands, esophagus)
digestion (stomach, liver, gall bladder, pancreas)
absorption (small intestine, large intestine)
elimination (anus)
chemical process of cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
combustion reaction
food (glucose) and oxygen make carbon dioxide and water and energy
