Unit 1, lessons 5-6: mirror/magnification equations and refraction

Question 1

The mirror equation determines … and needs … . The formula is …

Answer 1

Determines the focal point, distance of the image, the distance of the object.
It needs two of three variables to be performed.
1/do+1/di=1/f
If di (image distance) is negative then the image is behind the mirror (virtual)

Question 2

The magnification equation determines … and needs … . The formula is …

Answer 2

Determines the height of the object, the height of the image, distance of the object, distance of the image.
It needs the distance of the object and distance of the image.
m=hi/ho=-di/do
(ALL TO BE USED SEPARATELY)
If hi (image height) is negative then image is inverted relative to the object.

Question 3

GRASP

Answer 3

G-Given
R-Required
A-Analysis (which formula)
S-Solution (calculations)
P-Paraphrase

Question 4

Why dose refraction happen

Answer 4

Changes in the speed of light caused by denser media.
The more light slows down the more it will refract.
Light rays refract where two media meet.

Question 5

Index of refraction / refractive index
terms, formula, what it is

Answer 5

n-the refractive index (N WILL NEVER BE LESS THAN 1)*
c-speed of light in a vacuum (space) 3x10^8
v-speed of light in the (new) medium
n = c/v
The greater the refractive index, the SLOWER light moves through said medium (denser = higher refractive index)
The light rays become compressed with density, causing them to slow down.
The part that enters the medium first will slow down first, causing the change in direction
*light in a vacuum travels at 1, and nothing is less dense then a vacuum

Question 6

Angel of Refraction

Answer 6

relative to the normal
When light rays go from LESS TO MORE in terms of density, it bends TOWARDS the normal
When light rays go from MORE TO LESS interm of density, it bends AWAY from the normal

Question 7

Dispersion

Answer 7

The refraction of white light into separated wavelengths of different coulors, the amount of refraction varies for each color.
Examples are rainbows or prisms that disperse the coulors.

Question 8

Total internal refraction

Answer 8

Is trapping light rays within a medium –> light rays will continue to refract through a denser medium without ever passing through (higher refractive index)
When the angle of incidence is BIGGER than the critical angle the ray is reflected internally, no longer a refraction
The internal angle is equal on both sides

Question 9

Critical Angle

Answer 9

The exact angle that a ray will refract right along the surface of the different medium. Each media has a different angle.

Question 10

Fibre Optics

Answer 10

Uses internal reflection to direct rays, like a wire light cannot escape until it reaches the end.

Question 11

Mirage

Answer 11

Is light refracting off of different densities, light will pass through different layers/densities of air that will slowly lower the index of refraction (get less dense) until the light is totally internally reflected.