Unit 2, Chemistry Flashcards
What are the four clues of chemical change?
- Coulor
- Gas is produced
- Heat is produced
4.Liquis is produced
Elements with similar properties are grouped together into families/coloums called groups.
Locate in the periodic table, # of valence electrons, type of compounds usually formed.
Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Halogens, Noble Gases.
Alkali metals are the first column (-hydrogen), 1 valence electron, ionic.
Alkaline earth metals are second column, 2 valence electrons, ionic.
Halogens are the 17th coloumn, 7 valence electrons, covalent/molecular and ionic.
Noble gases are the 18th(final) coloumn, 8 (full) valence electrons, covalent/molecular and ionic.
Where are nonmetals and metals located periodically
metals are on the left side while nonmetals are on the right, divided by the zig zag line.
Cation definiton + examples
a positivly charged ion formed by less electrons. Ex, Calcium: Ca.2+, Silver: Ag.+, Aluminum: Al.3+
Anions definition + examples
a negativly charged ion formed by more electrons. Ex, Chlorine: Cl. –,
Hydroxide: OH. –, Iodide: I. –
How to find protons
The number of protons is equal to the atomic number of the element.
how to find electrons
If it is a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the proton number(AKA # of the element).
If postivly charged, subtract the charge from # of element.
If negatively charged, add the charge to the # of element.
what is H__________?
H O F Br I N Cl
What are the two types of acids? Whats the difference? How to write names?
Binary and Oxyacids
Binary acids contain hydrogen and another element. Named using prefix -HYDRO-stem of the element name-ends in-ic
Oxyacids contain two or more elements. Commonly H#O. Named the same as binary but without hydro. Closly realted to polyatomics, H+polyatiomic then criss-cross.
