Unit 3- hand

Question 1

Carpometacarpal CMC

Answer 1

Most mobile of thumb joints, saddle joint

Question 2

Metacarpophalangeal MCP

Answer 2

Uniaxial hinge joint, flexion and extension

Question 3

Interphalangeal IP

Answer 3

Uniaxial joint, phalangeal joint, flexion and extension

Question 4

Joints and motions of the fingers

Answer 4

CMC- 5th is most mobile, allows some opposition to thumb

MCP- biaxial, flexion/extension, abd. and add. middle finger as reference point

PIP/DIP- uniaxial hinge, flexion and extension

Question 5

Flexor retinaculum

Answer 5

Fibrous band, anterior surface, keeps the flexor tendons close to the wrist in flexion, 2 parts

1. Palmar carpal ligament: more proximal and superficial
2. Transverse carpal ligament: deeper, and distal

Forms the carpal tunnel, which median nerve, extrinsic flexor tendons of finders and thumb run through

Question 6

Extensor retinaculum

Answer 6

Fibrous band, posterior surface, holds extensor tendons close to wrist, especially when in wrist extension

Question 7

Extensor expansion ligament, extensor hood

Answer 7

Extensor hood: formed by extensor expansion proximally, keeps extensor tendon in midline

Question 8

Arches

Answer 8

In resting, hand assume cupped position due to arches

Proximal carpal arch: proximal ends of metacarpals and carpal bones, maintained by flexor retinaculum

Distal carpal arch: metacarpal heads

Longitudinal arch: begins at wrist and runs length of metacarpal and phalanges, contributes to types of grasps

Question 9

Extrinsic muscles

Answer 9

FDS
FDP
FPL
APL
EPB
EPL
extensor digitorum
extensor indicis
extensor digiti minimi

Question 10

Intrinsic muscles

Answer 10

FPB
APB
Opponens pollicis

Question 11

Deep palm group

Answer 11

adductor pollicis
dorsal interossei
palmar interossei
lumbricals

Question 12

Hypothenar

Answer 12

Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi