ROM and MMT checkouts

Question 1

Shoulder flexion start, axis, stationary, moveable, substitution

Answer 1

Start: Arm @ side, elbow straight
Axis: Lateral aspect of the humeral head
Stationary: Parallel to trunk, perpendicular to floor
Moveable: Parallel to humerus
Substitution: Trunk extension

Question 2

Shoulder (hyper) extension

Answer 2

Start: Arm @ side, elbow straight
Axis: Lateral aspect of the humeral head
Stationary: Parallel to trunk, perpendicular to floor
Moveable: Parallel to humerus
Substitution: Trunk forward flexion

Question 3

Shoulder abduction

Answer 3

Start: Arm @ side, elbow straight
Axis: Midpoint of the glenoid humeral joint
Stationary: Parallel to trunk
Moveable: Parallel to the humerus
Substitution: Trunk lateral flexion, scapular elevation

Question 4

Horizontal Adduction

Answer 4

Start: Shoulder in 90* of abduction, neutral rotation, palm facing down
Axis: Acromion process
Stationary: Parallel to shoulder going toward neck, frontal plane
Moveable: Parallel to humerus
Substitution: Trunk rotation

Question 5

Horizontal Abduction

Answer 5

Start: Shoulder in 90* of abduction, neutral rotation, palm facing down
Axis: Acromion process
Stationary: Parallel to shoulder going toward neck,
Moveable: Parallel to humerus
Substitution: Trunk rotation

Question 6

Internal rotation

Answer 6

Start: Humerus abducted to 90, elbow flexed to 90 forearm pronated
Axis: Olecranon process of the elbow
Stationary: Parallel to forearm
Moveable: Parallel to forearm
Substitution: Elbow extension, scapular elevation

Question 7

External rotation

Answer 7

Start: Humerus abducted to 90, elbow flexed to 90 forearm pronated
Axis: Olecranon process of the elbow
Stationary: Parallel to forearm
Moveable: Parallel to forearm
Substitution: Elbow extension, scapular elevation

Question 8

MMT number scale

Answer 8

5- Normal, full resistance
4- Good, moderate resistance
3- Fair, moves through full AROM, no resistance
2- Poor, contraction felt, no movement observed
1- Absent, no muscle contraction noted

Question 9

+ or - in MMT

Answer 9

A plus of minus is used to indicate when between levels

Question 10

Shoulder flexion, extension, horizontal adduction, horizontal abduction

Answer 10

Position: Shoulder flexed to 90* with elbow straight

Flexion: apply resistance downward
Extension: apply resistance upward
Horizontal adduction: apply resistance outward
Horizontal abduction: apply resistance inward

Question 11

Shoulder abduction, and adduction

Answer 11

Position: Abducted to 90* with elbow straight

Abduction: Apply resistance downward
Adduction: Apply resistance upward

Question 12

Shoulder internal and external rotation

Answer 12

Position: Abducted to 90* with elbow bent

Internal rotation: Apply resistance on the forearm upwardly
External rotation: Apply resistance on the forearm downwardly

Question 13

Scapular MMT Elevation

Answer 13

Hands on top of shoulders, have patient shrug and hold, apply resistance downward

Question 14

Scapular MMT depression

Answer 14

Hands on person’s elbows, with elbows bent to 90*, move them into elevation and have them push down into your hands