Unit 3 Functions Of The Skeletal System And Main Characteristics Of Bone

Question 1

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

1. Support
2. Protection
3. Allow movement
4. Storage
5. Blood cell formation

Question 2

In what ways does the skeletal system give the body support?

Answer 2

1. It provides the internal framework (“steal frame”) of the body
2. Supports the body and cradles soft organs

Question 3

How does the skeletal system protect the body?

Answer 3

It protects the soft body organs.

Question 4

How does the skeletal system allow movement?

Answer 4

1. Skeletal muscles attach to bones through tendons
2. Skeletal muscles use bones as levers to move the body and its parts
3. This allows us to swim, breath, walk, throw a ball

Question 5

How does the skeletal system provide storage?

Answer 5

1. Bones store minerals (calcium and phosphorous
2. Bones store fat in the internal cavities (bone marrow)

Question 6

Where are blood cells formed?

Answer 6

In the bone marrow cavities of certain bones (Femur, humerus)

Question 7

What are the five anatomical areas of the long bone?

Answer 7

1. Diaphysis
2. Epiphyses
3. Epiphiseal line
4. Endosteum
5. Medullary cavity

Question 8

Which bone structure makes up most of the bones length and is composed of compact bone?

Answer 8

Diaphysis

Question 9

The protective layer of connective tissue that covers the diaphysis is called what?

Answer 9

Periosteum

Question 10

What are the ends of the long bone called?

Answer 10

Epyphyses

Question 11

What are the components of the epiphyses?

Answer 11

Compact bone surrounding spongy bone

Question 12

What is articular cartilage?

Answer 12

A covering on the epiphyses that decreases friction at the joints

Question 13

What is the epiphyseal line?

Answer 13

1. A line seen in adult bones
2. Remnant of growth plate (epiphyseal plate) which causes lengthwise growth

Question 14

What is the connective tissue that covers the inner bony surface of the shaft called?

Answer 14

Endosteum

Question 15

What is the cavity of the long bone shaft called?

Answer 15

Medullary shaft

Question 16

What two types of marrow are stored in the medullary cavity?

Answer 16

1. Red marrow that produces blood cells
2. Yellow marrow that stores adippse (fat) tissue

Question 17

In adults, where are the three places red marrow is stored..

Answer 17

1. Spongy bone of the axial skeleton
2. Hip bones
3. Epiphyses of long bones

Question 18

What are three different types of bone markings?

Answer 18

1. Bumps
2. Ridges
3. Holes

Question 19

What do bones markings show us?

Answer 19

1. Where tendons, muscles and ligaments attach
2. Where nerves and blood vessels pass

Question 20

What are the two categories of bone markings?

Answer 20

1. Projections or processes (Ts)
2. Depresions or cavities (Fs except facets)