Unit 2 Glands, Nails And Hair Flashcards
What are two types of glands in the integumentary system?
- Sebaceous (oil) glands
- Sudoriferous (sweat) glands
Which gland in the skin is associated with hair follicles?
Sebaceous (oil)
Which type of gland is widespread throughout the skin?
Sudoriferous (sweat)
What are the two types of sudoriferous (sweat) glands?
- Merocrine (eccrine)
- Apocrine
Which type of sweat gland is found almost exclusively in the armpit and genital areas?
Apocrine
Which type of sweat gland is most abundant?
Merocrine (eccrine)
Which type of sweat gland is found in the palms, soles of the feet, and forehead
Merocrine (eccrine)
What is sebum?
Globules of fatty material produced by the holocrine (sebaceous) gland that accumulate, swell and burst in the skin cells.
What does sebum do?
Keeps the hair and skin soft, pliable and waterproof
What causes acne?
Overactive and inflamed glands in some body regions become plugged, producing blackheads and pimples
What is the protective covering on the ends of fingers and toes?
Nail
What are the parts of the nail?
- Body
- Root
- Nail bed
- Lunula
- Nail fold
- Eponychium (cuticle)
What part of the nail is formed on the nail bed and protects the tips of our fingers and toes?
Nail body
What is the matrix of keratinized cells that become the nail body called?
Nail root
What is the specialed structure of the epidermis found at the tips of fingers and toes called?
Nail bed
What is the whitish, thickended half-moon shape at the bae of the nail called?
Lunula
What is the most actively growing part of the nail called?
Lunula
What part of the nail overlaps the nail on the sides and helps anchor the nail!
Nail fold
What is the nail fold at the proximal end of the nail body called?
Eponychium (cuticle)
Which skin surfaces do not contain hair?
Palms
soles of the feet
lips
nipples
parts of the external reproductive organs
Each hair develops from a group of stem cells at the base of a tubelike depression called a _________.
Hair follicle
The part of the hair that is anchored in the follicle and lies below the skin is called the _____________.
Hair root
The end of the hair root found deep in the defmis is called the ____________.
Hair bulb
The hair bulb is nourished from dermal blood vessels in the ___________.
Hair papilla
The part of the hair that extends outward from the skin is called the __________.
Hair shaft
What is the muscle attached to each hair follicle called?
Arrector pili muscle
How do genes determine hair color?
By directing the type and amount of pigment that epidermal melanocytes produce.
What causes dark hair?
More brownish-black eumelanin
What causes blonde or red hair?
More reddish-yellow pheomelanin
What causes white hair?
Lack of melanin
What causes gray hair?
A mixture of pigmented and unpigmented hairs
