Unit 2 Intgumentary System (Skin) Flashcards
True or false - the integumentary system is large and complex.
True
True or false - The integumentary system affects all other systems of the body.
True
True or false - The integumentary system affects all other systems of the body.
True
An ___________ is two or more tissue types that are structurally connected and perform shared, specialized functuons.
Organ
What are two main tissue types of the skin?
- Epithelial tissue
- Connective tissue
What is the largest organ in the body by weight?
Skin
What are the accessory structures associated with the skin?
- Hair
- Nails
- Muscles
- Glands
- Sensory receptors
What is the function of the integumentary system?
The skin and accessory structures work together to form a barrier between ourselves and the outside world.
What are the two distinct layers of the skin?
- Epidermis
- Dermis
Which skin layer is composed of stratified squamous epithelium?
Epidermis
Which skin layer is composed of connective tissue, collagen and elastic fibers?
Dermis
Which skin layer is thicker, epidermis or dermis?
Dermis
What is the outermost layer of skin called?
Epidermis
What skin layer is below the dermis?
Hypodermis
What is another name for the hypodermis?
Subcutaneous layer
Is the hypodermis a true layer of skin?
No
What skin “layer” contains major blood vessels that supply skin and adipose tissue?
Hypodermis
In which skin layer are areolar and adipose tissue found?
Hypodermis
What is the function of adipose tissue?
Insulates the body and helps conserve energy
What is the function of the epidermis?
Shields the moist underlying tissues against
- Excess water loss
- Mechanical injury
- Effects of harmful chemicals
- Keeps out disease causing micro-organisms
What is the deepest layer of epidermal cells called?
Stratum basale
How is the stratum basale nourished?
By dermal blood vessels
What are older skin cells called?
Keratinocytes
In which layer do tightly packed dead skin cells accumulate?
Stratum corneum
True or false - the epidermis is the same thickness in all areas of the body.
False
Which layers of the epidermis are found in all areas of the skin?
- Stratum corneum
- Stratum granulosum
- Stratum spinosum
- Stratum basale
Which layer of the epidermis is found only in the thickened, hairless skin of the palms and soles?
Stratum lucidum
Conical projections of the dermis that extend into the spaces berween the epidermal ridges are called what..
Dermal papillae
True or false - dermal papillae are found all over the body.
True
Where are dermal papillae most abundant?
Hands and feet
What part of the skin is responsible for leaving a fingerprint?
Dermal papillae
What are 4 functions of the dermis?
- Binds the epidermis to the underlying tissue
- Gives skin toughness and elasticity
- Dermal blood vessels supply nutrients to all skin cells
- Dermal blood vessels help regulate body temperature
What skin layer contains nerve cell processes?
Dermis
Which accessory skin structures are contained in the dermis?
- Hair follicles
- Sebaceous(oil producing) glands
- Sweat glands
What gives skin its color?
Melanin
In which layer is skin pigmentation produced?
Epidermis
What specialed cells produce melanin?
Melanocytes
Which layer of the epidermis are milanocytes found in?
Stratum basale (the deepest layer)
Eumelanin causes what skin color?
Brownish-black
Pheomelanin causes what skin color?
Reddish-yellow (such as the lips)
True or false - all people have the same number of melanocytes in their skin.
True
What causes different skin colors?
- The amount of melanin the melanocytes produce
- The distribution and size of the pigment granules
