Unit 3: Circulation Flashcards
Circulatory System (need pump, pipes, fluid)
1) GVC
2) Open circulatory system (missing pipes, fluid covers whole body, low pressure)
3) Closed circulatory system (has pipes, higher pressure)
4) Single circulation (2 chambered heart, 1 circuit, no pressure as blood leaves gills)
5) Double circulation (3-4 chambered heart, 2 circuits- pulmonary/systemic)
Pulmonary vs Systemic Circuits
Pulmonary- moves blood between heart and lungs
Systemic- moves blood around body
Heart Chambers
Atrium- collects blood
RA- deoxygenated, LA- oxygenated
Ventricle- pumps blood
RV- deoxygenated (to lungs), LV- oxygenated (to body)
Heart Valves Function
Prevent backflow of blood
Heart Valves- Atrioventricular
Tricuspid- separates RA from RV
Bicuspid- separates LA from LV
Heart Valves- Semilunar (ventricle/artery)
Pulmonary- separates RV from pulmonary artery
Aortic- separates LV from aorta
Artery
Carry blood away from heart, thick walls, high pressure
Capillary
Diffusion of gas/nutrients/hormones, high surface area, thin walls
Vein
Carry blood toward heart, thinner walls, low pressure
Path of Oxygenated Blood through Heart
Lungs (oxygenated) ==> Pulmonary vein ==> Left atrium ==> Bicuspid valve ==> Left ventricle ==> Aortic valve ==> Aorta ==> Body
Path of Deoxygenated Blood through Heart
Body (deoxygenated) ==> Vena cava ==> Right atrium ==> Tricuspid valve ==> Right ventricle ==> Pulmonary valve ==> Pulmonary artery ==> Lungs
Respiratory Systems (diffusion, high surface area, need aqueous solution)
1) Gills (aquatic, blood moves opposite direction from water over gills- countercurrent exchange)
2) Tracheal system (tubes gather air from outside)
3) Lungs (stationary, actively draw in air by inhalation)
Once in lungs, air…
Enters air sacs called alveoli and gets diffused into capillaries
Diaphragm
Muscle that expands and contracts the lungs
