Unit 3: Chemistry Of Life Flashcards
Whats the difference between potential and kinetic energy?
Potential Energy: Stored energy.
Kinetic Energy: The energy of movement.
Element definition and give an example
Pure substance which cannot be broken down to simpler parts.
Ex: Oxygen and Helium
Atom definition and give an example
Smallest part of an element.
Ex: A bar of gold is made of billions of gold atoms.
Molecule definition and give an example
A substance that is made of two or more atoms chemically bonded.
Ex: Oxygen, Gas, Salt
Compound definition and give an example
A substance made up of molecules composed from different types of atoms.
Ex: Carbon Dioxide, Sugar
What are the atomic structure charges?
Protons: Positive
Neutrons: Neutral
Electrons: Negative
Where are Protons and Neutrons in relation to Electrons?
Protons and Neutrons are in the Nucleus and Electrons are around the outside.
How to calculate number of Protons?
The atomic number
How to calculate the atomic mass?
The protons + neutrons
In most particles the protons are balanced with the electrons, true or false?
True.
What do you call something that has lost or gained electrons?
A charged ion.
What are the capacity levels for the first, second, and third Electron Shells?
First: 2 max
Second: 8
Third: 18 but its okay with 8
What are the three types of chemical bonds?
- ) Ionic Bond: Gain/Loss of electrons.
- ) Covalent Bond: Atoms share electrons.
- ) Hydrogen Bond: A bond that is hydrogen involved.
What are the ph scale levels from 0-14?
Basic: 0-6
Neutral: 7
Acidic: 8-14
What is a Buffer?
A substance that prevents marked changes in the ph system.
