FINAL EXAM

Question 1

List + Define the seven characteristics of life.

Noting definition of metabolism

Answer 1

1. ) Made up of one or more cells.
2. ) Responds to stimuli.
3. ) Shows homeostasis.
4. )Acquires and uses energy.
5. ) They grow.
6. ) Reproduce, using DNA.
7. ) Are products of evolution.

Question 2

Four Major themes of Life

Answer 2

“Evolution: Organisms change through time, from earlier ancestors.”

“That all phenomena conform to follow the laws of chemistry.”

“All organisms are composed of one or more cells.”

“DNA is the genetic molecule that controls life. “

Question 3

The five steps of Scientific Method

Answer 3

1. ) Make a natural observation.
2. ) Develop a hypothesis (a trial idea).
3. ) Test the hypothesis with experiments.
4. ) Draw conclusions.
5. ) Report your findings.

Question 4

Define Taxonomy

Answer 4

Is the science of defining groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics.

Question 5

What is meant by binomial nomenclature?

Answer 5

Bi = Two, nomial = Name 
Nomenclature = Name Giving

Question 6

Why biologists uses scientific names rather than common names?

Answer 6

Because one thing in the country could be called something else in another country but be the same thing.

Question 7

Why aren’t viruses and prions classified into any domain or kingdom?

Answer 7

A.) They are infectious fragments of protein.

B.) Viruses and Prions can only perform life processes when they are attacking a living cell.

Question 8

Define pseudoscience

Answer 8

A false science, ideas made to seem scientific, but is made up.

Question 9

Differentiate between zoology, botany, microbiology, anatomy, physiology, genetics, cytology and ecology

Answer 9

Zoology: Study of animals.

Botany: Study of plants.

Microbiology: Study of microscopic organisms.

Anatomy: study of internal structure+function

Physiology: deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.

Genetics: the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.

Cytology: study of cells + their structures.

Ecology: study of organisms relation to another and their physical surrounding.

Question 10

Describe “good” experimental design.

Use terms control group, repeatability, experimental group, and variable

Answer 10

Control Group: All factors are kept constant, serving as the standard against the experimental group.

Experimental Group: group of subjects exposed to the variable.

Variable: The factor that is varied or changed between the control/experimental group.

Repeatability: Being able to achieve the same results each time.

Question 11

Difference between biogenesis and spontaneous generation. (Urey and Miller, Redi experiment)

Answer 11

Biogenesis: That every living organism came from one or two parents before it.

Spontaneous Generation: The idea of living things to come from non living matter.

Redi- disproved spontaneous (maggots come from flies)

Urey + Miller- chemical experiment to show earth under conditions

Question 12

Describe conditions of early life

Answer 12

1. ) Early atmosphere was very different with alot of molecules to make organs live (no oxygen gas).
2. ) Lots of high energy sources (Volcano heat/Lightning).

Question 13

Differentiate prokaryotic and eukaryotic. ( which is found in domains Bacteria, Archea, and Eukarya)

Answer 13

1. ) Prokaryotic: Primitive cells with no nucleus and membrane bound organelles (Bacteria/Archaea).
2. ) Eukaryotic: Advanced cells with a nucleus and membrane bound organelles (Eukarya).