Unit 3 (Chapter 4/5/6)

Question 1

also known as the Seven Years’ War, a conflict between the British and the French that also involved Native Americans and colonial militias. French defeat in this war greatly decreased their influence in the colonies.

Answer 1

French & Indian War

Question 2

imposed by the British, this act dictated that all legal
documents in the colonies had to be issued on officially stamped paper. This act created strong resentment in the colonies and was later repealed.

Answer 2

Stamp Act 1765

Question 3

British legislation that forced colonies to pay duties on most goods coming from England; these duties were fiercely resisted and finally repealed in 1770.

Answer 3

Townshend Acts 1767

Question 4

conflict between British soldiers and Boston civilians on March 5, 1770; five colonists were killed and six wounded.

Answer 4

Boston Massacre

Question 5

radical group that organized resistance against British policies in Boston in the 1760s and 1770s.

Answer 5

Sons of Liberty

Question 6

created first in Massachusetts and then in
other colonies, these groups circulated grievances against the British to towns
within their colonies.

Answer 6

Committees of Correspondence

Question 7

in response to British taxes on tea, Boston radicals
disguised as Native Americans threw 350 chests of tea into Boston Harbor on
December 16, 1773; important symbolic act of resistance to British economic control of the colonies.

Answer 7

Boston Tea Party

Question 8

meeting in Philadelphia at which colonists vowed to resist further efforts to tax them without their consent.

Answer 8

First Continental Congress

Question 9

delegates from seven northern and middle colonies met at which the colonies attempted to coordinate their policies
concerning further westward settlement and concerning Native Americans

Answer 9

Albany Congress

Question 10

made it illegal to print paper
money in the colonies

Answer 10

Currency Act of 1764

Question 11

increased the penalties for colonial smuggling and ensured that colonists would
pay the British a duty for all molasses brought into the colonies

Answer 11

Sugar Act

Question 12

colonial governments were required to provide food and accommodations for British troops stationed in the colonies.

Answer 12

Quartering Act

Question 13

In October 1765,
nine colonies met together where representatives
reaffirmed the principle that taxation of the colonies be imposed only from
within the colonies.

Answer 13

Stamp Act Congress

Question 14

stated that Parliament had the right to tax and pass
legislation regarding the colonies “in all cases whatsoever.”

Answer 14

Declaratory Act

Question 15

In early 1768, Samuel Adams in Massachusetts composed a document
opposing the Townshend Acts, proclaiming that “taxation without representation
is tyranny.” The Massachusetts Assembly voted to approve this document and
send it along to other colonial assemblies for approval. The royal governor
stated that this was a form of sedition, and Parliament
suggested abolishing the assemblies that had approved it

Answer 15

Circular Letter

Question 16

In response to the Boston Tea Party, the British passed a series of laws where the port of Boston was closed
except for military ships and ships specifically permitted by British customs
officials. The upper house of the Massachusetts Assembly would now be
appointed by the king instead of being elected by the lower house. Town
meetings could not be held without the governor’s consent, and the Quartering
Act was again put into effect.

Answer 16

Intolerable Acts

Question 17

Compromise which stated that the colonists would not object to measures designed to regulate their external
commerce. The colonies would, however, resist any measures that taxed them
without their consent.

Answer 17

Declaration of Rights and Grievances

Question 18

This act stated that colonies would continue
to boycott English imports and approve the efforts of Massachusetts to operate
a colonial government free from British control until the Intolerable Acts were
rescinded. Colonies were also urged to raise and train militias of their own.

Answer 18

Suffolk Resolves

Question 19

meeting that authorized the
creation of a Continental army; many delegates still hoped that conflict could
be avoided with the British.

Answer 19

Second Continental Congress

Question 20

pamphlet written by Thomas Paine attacking the system
of government by monarchy; this document was very influential throughout the
colonies.

Answer 20

Common Sense

Question 21

defeat of the British in Virginia, ending their hopes
of winning the Revolutionary War.

Answer 21

Battle of Yorktown

Question 22

treaty ending the Revolutionary War; by this treaty Great Britain recognized American independence and gave Americans the
territory between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River.

Answer 22

Treaty of Paris

Question 23

document establishing the first government of the United States; the federal government was given limited power and the states much power.

Answer 23

Articles of Confederation

Question 24

bills authorizing the sale of lands in the Northwest Territory to raise money for the federal government; bills
also laid out procedures for these territories to eventually attain statehood.

Answer 24

Northwest Ordinances

Question 25

German mercenaries allied with Britain

Answer 25

Hessians

Question 26

a representative body with two houses with more power usually given to the upper house

Answer 26

bicameral legislature

Question 27

a representative body with one house

Answer 27

unicameral legislature

Question 28

during debate over the Constitution, the plan proposing a bicameral legislature with representatives determined by proportional
representation.

Answer 28

Virginia Plan

Question 29

during debate over the Constitution, the plan proposing one
legislative body for the country, with each state having one vote.

Answer 29

New Jersey Plan

Question 30

Connecticut plan that stated that one house of the Congress would be based on population (the House of Representatives) while in the
other house all states would have equal representation (the Senate).

Answer 30

Great Compromise

Question 31

procedure for electing the president and vice-president of the United States as outlined in the Constitution; electors from each state, and not the popular vote, ultimately elect the president.

Answer 31

Electoral College

Question 32

as the Constitution was being created, the plan that
stated that slaves would be counted as three-fifths of a free person; this was
used to determine eventual membership in the House of Representatives

Answer 32

Three-Fifths Compromise

Question 33

party in the first years of the republic that favored a larger national
government; was supported by commercial interests.

Answer 33

Federalists

Question 34

proposed by President John Adams, gave the president power to expel “dangerous” aliens and outlawed “scandalous”publications against the government.

Answer 34

Alien and Sedition Acts

Question 35

Those opposed to the new, stronger national
government

Answer 35

Anti-Federalists

Question 36

contains the
basic protections that Americans hold dear today; politically, it quieted the
anti-Federalists and their fears of authoritarian government

Answer 36

Bill of Rights

Question 37

A system of free trade that would keep America mostly agrarian and was supported by Jefferson

Answer 37

laissez-faire economic principles

Question 38

Hamilton proposed that the United States had the obligation to redeem
in full all notes that had been issued by the government established by the Articles of Confederation. In addition, he proposed that the federal
government take over all of the debts of the individual states.

Answer 38

Report on the Public Credit

Question 39

allowed American merchants to prosper by trading with
both sides during the French Revolution

Answer 39

Declaration of Neutrality

Question 40

Pennsylvania farmers started this protest when they opposed a tax Alexander Hamilton
had placed on distilled alcohol, which reduced their profits

Answer 40

Whiskey Rebellion

Question 41

Treaty where America was forced to comply with the British demand that they had the right to remove French products and materials from American ships. The British did agree to leave some of the forts they still occupied in the
Northwest Territory

Answer 41

Jay’s Treaty

Question 42

proclaiming that states had the right to not enforce laws that were unconstitutional, such as the Sedition Act

Answer 42

Kentucky and Virginia Resolves