CH 13/14/15 Flashcards
January 1, 1863, proclamation that freed slaves in Southern territories was controlled by the Union army; this executive proclamation by President Lincoln also committed the Union to the abolition
of slavery.
Emancipation Proclamation
proposed that the federal government guarantee the existence of slavery in any state where it existed, and that the line of the Missouri Compromise be extended all the way to the Pacific, with territories to the north of the line being free from slavery and
those south of the line having slavery
Crittenden Plan
Lincoln’s plan to have the United States Navy blockade Southern ports, conquer the Mississippi and conquer Richmond
Anaconda Plan
new naval ships built with metal siding
ironclads
the Confederate legislature passed laws
requiring three years in the army for all white men from ages 18 to 35
conscription
the government began issuing this money, not backed by gold, was considered official legal tender until the end of the war
greenbacks
Some Democrats in the North, who vigorously opposed the war, stating that it would lead to masses of freed slaves coming North and taking jobs
Copperheads
Allows a person suspected of a crime not to simply sit in jail indefinitely. Such a suspect must be brought to court and charged with something, or he or she must be released from jail
writ of habeas corpus
congressional group that wished to punish the South for its secession from the Union; pushed for measures that gave economic and political rights to newly freed blacks in the South and that made it difficult for
former Confederate states to rejoin the Union
Radical Republicans
act placing Southern states under military rule and barring former supporters of the Confederacy from voting
Reconstruction Act
northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction Era; traditional elements of Southern society were deeply resentful of profits made by them
carpetbaggers
term of derision used in the South during the Reconstruction Era for white Southern Republicans.
scalawags
this group was founded in Tennessee in 1866; its oftentimes violent actions during the Reconstruction Era represented the resentments felt by many Southern whites toward the changing political, social, and economic conditions of the Reconstruction Era.
Ku Klux Klan
political compromise ending the disputed presidential election of 1876. By the terms of this compromise Republican candidate
Rutherford B. Hayes was awarded the electoral votes of Florida, Louisiana,
and South Carolina, thus giving him the presidency; in return, all federal
troops were removed from the South and Congress promised to stop enforcing
much Reconstruction Era legislation concerning the South
Compromise of 1877
citizens of former Confederate states would be given the opportunity to swear allegiance to the government in Washington (high-ranking Confederate military and civilian authorities would not be offered this
opportunity). When 10 percent of the registered voters in the state signed this
pledge, the state was afforded the chance to form its own state government,
which obviously had to be loyal to Washington
10 Percent Plan
This bill stated that Congress would only
authorize a state government in former Confederate states when the majority of
voters took an “ironclad” oath, stating that they were not now disloyal to the
Union nor had they ever been disloyal
Wade-Davis Act
A method a president can use to “kill” congressional legislation at the end of a congressional term. Instead of vetoing the bill, the president may simply not sign it; once the congressional term is over,
the bill will then die
pocket veto
a step up from sharecropping.
The tenant farmer rented his land from the landowner, freeing him from the harsh supervision that sharecroppers suffered under
tenant farmers
Amendment abolishing slavery in the
United States and all of its territories
13th Amendment
this amendment stated that a person could not be denied the right to vote because of the color of their skin or whether or not they had been a slave.
15th Amendment
this amendment stated that “all
persons born or naturalized in the United States” were citizens. In addition, all former Confederate supporters were prohibited from holding office in the United States.
14th Amendment
