CH 22/23/24

Question 1

American force of 14,500 men that landed in
France in June 1917 under the command of General John J. Pershing. Both women and blacks served in the American army during the war, although black units were segregated and usually had white officers

Answer 1

American Expeditionary Force

Question 2

board that regulated American industry during World War I; it attempted to stimulate war production by allocating raw materials to
factories that aided the war effort.

Answer 2

War Industries Board

Question 3

agency created during the war whose
mission was to spread pro-Allied propaganda through the press and through newsreels; newspapers were asked to print only articles that were helpful to the war effort.

Answer 3

Committee on Public Information

Question 4

plan for the postwar world that Woodrow Wilson brought to the Paris Peace Conference; Wilson’s plan proposed open peace treaties, freedom of the seas, arms reductions, and a League of Nations. Britain and France were openly suspicious of these plans, but they supported the creation
of a League of Nations

Answer 4

Fourteen Points

Question 5

world body proposed by Woodrow Wilson as part of his 14-point peace plan. It was created but without the participation of
Germany, the Soviet Union, and the United States. As a result, it remained a relatively ineffective body throughout its existence.

Answer 5

League of Nations

Question 6

founded in late 1914 to instill patriotism in Americans and to psychologically prepare
Americans for war

Answer 6

National Security League

Question 7

the Germans promised to sink no more ships without prior warning

Answer 7

Sussex Pledge

Question 8

policy stating that any ship from any country attempting to enter the ports of Allied nations would be sunk

Answer 8

unrestricted submarine warfare

Question 9

an intercepted message between the German foreign minister, and German officials in Mexico, suggesting that when
Germany went to war with the United States, the Mexicans should be persuaded
to attack the United States as well

Answer 9

Zimmermann Note

Question 10

made it illegal to obstruct the draft process in any way and stated that any material that was sent through the mail that was said to incite treason could be seized

Answer 10

Espionage Act

Question 11

Northern factories needed workers, and encouraged blacks to move north to take factory jobs. This move had nearly 600,000 blacks move north

Answer 11

Great Migration

Question 12

major scandal in the scandal-ridden administration of President Warren Harding; Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall had two oil deposits put under the jurisdiction of the Department of the Interior and leased them to private companies in return for large sums of money

Answer 12

Teapot Dome Scandal

Question 13

after World War I, the fear of the spread of communism in the United States.

Answer 13

Red Scare

Question 14

as part of the Red Scare, in these 1919 to 1920 raids thousands of Americans not born in the United States were arrested, and hundreds were sent back to their countries of origin. Today many view the raids as a gross violation of the constitutional rights of American citizens

Answer 14

Palmer Raids

Question 15

anti-immigration federal legislation that took the number of immigrants from each country in 1890 and stated that immigration from those countries could now be no more than 2 percent of that. In addition, immigration from Asia was halted. The act also severely limited further immigration from eastern and southern Europe.

Answer 15

National Origins Act 1924

Question 16

trial of teacher John Scopes of Dayton, Tennessee, for the teaching of evolution. During this trial, lawyers Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan squared off on the teachings of Darwin versus the
teachings of the Bible.

Answer 16

Scopes Trial

Question 17

image of the 1920s that emphasized the more relaxed social attitudes
of the decade; F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is seen by many as the
novel that best depicts this view.

Answer 17

Jazz Age

Question 18

“new woman” of the 1920s, who was pictured as having bobbed hair, a shorter skirt, makeup, a cigarette in her hand, and somewhat liberated sexual attitudes.

Answer 18

flapper

Question 19

group of post–World War I writers who in their works expressed deep dissatisfaction with mainstream American culture. A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway is a novel that is representative of the works of
these writers

Answer 19

Lost Generation

Question 20

920s black literary and cultural movement that produced many works depicting the role of blacks in contemporary American
society; Zora Neale Hurston and Langston Hughes were key members of this
movement.

Answer 20

Harlem Renaissance

Question 21

At this meeting, diplomats from
the United States, Japan, China, the Netherlands, Belgium, Portugal, France,
Great Britain, and Italy met to discuss the possible elimination of further naval
development and affairs in China and the rest of Asia

Answer 21

Washington Naval Conference

Question 22

headed by Marcus Garvey.
Garvey called on blacks to come with him to Africa to create a new empire
(with him on the throne)

Answer 22

Universal Negro Improvement Association

Question 23

starring Al Jolson, became the first
“talking” motion picture, a trend that would create new movie stars and ruin
the careers of others who had been stars in the silent era.

Answer 23

The Jazz Singer

Question 24

settlements of shacks found on the outskirts of many American cities beginning in the early 1930s

Answer 24

Hoovervilles

Question 25

name given in the 1930s to regions of Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska,
Colorado, and Texas, where severe drought and poor farming practices
caused massive dust storms. By the end of the decade, nearly 60 percent of all
farms there were either ruined or abandoned.

Answer 25

Dust Bowl

Question 26

tariff act that imposed severe tariffs on all
incoming goods; European countries responded with their own high tariffs.
Most historians say this tariff did little to help the American economy

Answer 26

Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930)

Question 27

federal agency established
during the “First Hundred Days” of the New Deal in 1933 in an effort to halt
panic over bank closings. It insures the bank deposits of individual
citizens

Answer 27

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

Question 28

established in 1933, the CCC
eventually provided jobs for 2.5 million young Americans in forest and
conservation programs.

Answer 28

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Question 29

New Deal legislation requiring owners and
labor unions in various industries to agree upon hours, wages, and prices; as a
result, wages did go up for many workers but so did prices

Answer 29

National Industry Recovery Act

Question 30

agency created in the New Deal to oversee the construction of dams, providing electricity and flood control for many

Answer 30

Tennessee Valley Authority

Question 31

New Deal program that employed
nearly 8 million Americans; projects included the construction of schools and roads. Unemployed artists and musicians were also employed

Answer 31

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Question 32

critical piece of New Deal legislation that protected the right of workers to form unions and utilize collective bargaining

Answer 32

Wagner Act

Question 33

New Deal legislation providing pensions for
workers reaching retirement age. Both workers and employers pay into the
fund that provides this benefit.

Answer 33

Social Security Act

Question 34

The political coalition created by Franklin Roosevelt that, by and large, kept the Democratic Party in power from the 1930s through the 1960s. This coalition consisted of workers in American cities, voters in the
South, labor unions, and blacks.

Answer 34

New Deal Coalition

Question 35

nine black defendants in a famous 1931 case; they were accused of raping two white women on a train, and despite the lack of
evidence, eight were sentenced to death. The American Communist party
organized their defense

Answer 35

Scottsboro Boys

Question 36

an investment that was very risky, but that one could potentially “make a killing” on.

Answer 36

speculation

Question 37

allowing a buyer to purchase stock for only a percentage of what it was worth (commonly
as low as 10 percent); the rest could be borrowed from the broker.

Answer 37

buying on the margin

Question 38

created a Federal Farm Board that had the ability to give loans to the agricultural community and buy crops to keep farm prices up

Answer 38

Agricultural Marketing Act

Question 39

group of nearly 17,000 unemployed World War I vets came to ask the federal
government to give them the bonuses that they were supposed to get in 1945
immediately

Answer 39

Bonus Army

Question 40

radio addresses, Roosevelt spoke to the listening audience as if they were part
of his family; Roosevelt would usually explain the immediate problems facing
the country in these speeches and outline the reasons for his decided solutions

Answer 40

fireside chats

Question 41

countless programs were proposed by the administration and passed by Congress that attempted to stimulate the American economy and provide relief and jobs.

Answer 41

Hundred days

Question 42

established in May 1935, offered loans to small farmers who faced foreclosure

Answer 42

Resettlement Administration