Unit 3 (Ch. 5, Ch. 8) Flashcards
“all aspects of human reproduction that result in birth”
Fertility
amount of birth per thousand people
Crude Birth Rate
the ability for a woman to concieve
Fecundity
the average amount of children that a woman will have
Total Fertility Rate
the amount of fertility that a couple needs to replace themselves
Replacement-Level Fertility
“the extent to which a population marries”
Nupality
deaths as a component of population change
Mortality
the number of deaths per thousand people
Crude death rate
number of infant deaths who are less than a year old per thousand births per year
Infant Mortality Rate
average number of years to live
Life Expectancy
annual population growth
Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)
tendency for a population to grow due to the amount of people in their child bearing years
Population Momentum
the number of years needed to get double the population size
Doubling Time
the maximum population
Carrying Capacity
diagram showing age and sex of a population
Population Pyramid
Three types of population pyramids
- expanding
- stable
- diminishing
number of males per 100 females
Sex Ratio
when older population increases and younger population decreases
Population Aging
The S-Shaped Curve
shows population growth and stabilization
Malthusian Theory
population growth depends of food supply and availability
Marxist Theory
against the surplus population - everyone should have a role
Boserup Theory
food supply dependent on population - increase in population = increase in food production
The Demographic Transition (four steps)
- Pre-Modern
- Urbanizing and Industrialization
- Mature Industrial
- Post-Industrial
a collection of individual demographic data done by a country
Census
the number of demographic fact (ex. people) per area
Density
population per unit of cultivatable land
physiological density
a new location seems more favourable
Push-Pull Logic
