Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NatSc12 > Unit 3: Cell > Flashcards

Unit 3: Cell Flashcards

1
Q
  • English physicist and microscopist.
  • Pioneering scientist for the discovery of compound of microscope.
A

Robert Hooke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  • Father of microbiology, first person to see bacteria
A

Antonie Van Leeuwenhook

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  • Cell is the basic unit of life
A

Henri Dutrochet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  • He found that the noticeable small dense body at the center found to be plant cell.
A

Robert Brown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • All plants are made up of cells
A

Matthias Schleiden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • All animals are made up of cells
A

Theodore Schwann

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  • Sought the protoplasm
A

Johannes Purkinje

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • omnis cellula e cellula”
  • All cells come from cells
A

Rudolf Virchow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  • He proposed protoplasm can be found on all types of organisms
A

Max Schultze

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  • Existence of one-celled organism
  • He recognized the one-celled organism.
A

Felix Dujardin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  • All living things are composed of one or more cells
A

The Cell Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  • Most cells are relatively small because as size increases, volume increases much more rapidly.
A

Cell size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Largest cell on the human body

A

Ovum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Smallest cell in the human

A

Sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Largest cell with a metabolism

A

Chaos chaos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Largest cell: Object

A

yolk of an ostrich egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  • Include bacteria and archaea.
  • Lack internal compartments, has no nucleus
A

Prokaryotic Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
  • Includes animals, plants, fungi
  • Has large, true nucleus, bounded by double membranes
A

Eukaryotic Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Animal cells have

A
  • Lysosome
  • Centrosome
  • Centrioles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Plants cells have

A
  • Plasmodesmata
  • Chloroplast
  • Cell wall
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Information Central

A

NUCLEUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

made of DNA

A
  • CHROMOSOMES
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

a mixture of DNA and proteins

A
  • CHROMATIN
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q
  • produce and assemble ribosomes
A
  • NUCLEOLUS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
  • Site of protein synthesis
A

RIBOSOMES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

nuclear envelope, smooth and rough ER, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, transport vesicle, plasma membrane

A

ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Biosynthetic Factory

A

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Shipping and Receiving Center

A

GOLGI APPARATUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Digestive Compartments

A

LYSOSOMES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

engulfment of smaller organisms or food particles

A
  • Phagocytosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

reusing old and damaged cell parts

A

Autophagy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Diverse Maintenance Compartments

A

VACUOLES

33
Q
  • Proposed the Theory of Endosymbiosis to prove the origin of mitochondrion and chloroplast.
A

Lynn Margulis

34
Q

Chemical Energy Conversion

A

MITOCHONDRIA

35
Q

Capture of Light Energy and site of photosysthesis

A

CHLOROPLASTS

36
Q

flattened interconnected sacs

A
  • Thylakoids
37
Q

stacked thylakoids

A

Granum

38
Q

fluid that contains the chloroplast DNA and ribosomes

A
  • Stroma
39
Q

A group of membrane-bounded organelles occurring in photosynthetic eukaryotic cells.

A

PLASTIDS

40
Q
  • Contain enzymes that remove hydrogen atoms oxygen (O2) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) WATER.
A

PEROXISOMES

41
Q
  • Gives structure in animal cell, mechanical support of the plant cell
A

Cytoskeleton

42
Q
  • Are thickest of the three types;
A
  • Microtubules
43
Q
  • also called actin filaments
  • are the thinnest;
A
  • Microfilaments
44
Q
  • are fibers with diameters in a middle range
A
  • Intermediate filaments
45
Q
  • Extracellular structure that distinguishes from animal cells
  • Protects plant cell, maintain their shape and prevents excessive uptake of water
A

Cell Walls of Plants

46
Q
  • Separates the cell from the outside environment.
  • Made of phospholipids that has transport proteins so hydrophobic tools won’t come across
  • It controls traffic into and
A

Plasma Membrane

47
Q

channels that facilitates the transport of hydrophilic substances.

A
  • Transport Proteins
48
Q

facilitate the movement of water

A
  • Aquaporin
49
Q
  • No energy required
A

Passive Transport

50
Q
  • Movement of molecules from levels of high concentration to levels of low concentration until equilibrium is reached
A

Diffusion

51
Q
  • The diffusion of free water across a selectively permeable membrane from a lower concentration of solute to a higher concentration of solute
A

Osmosis

52
Q
  • Polar molecules and ions diffuse passively with the help of transport proteins
A

Facilitated Diffusion

53
Q
  • Uses energy (ATP) to move solutes against their gradients (low to high concentration)
A

Active Transport

54
Q

addition of phosphate to a molecule.

A

Phosphorylation

55
Q
  • Cell discharges material
A

Exocytosis

56
Q
  • Movement of large material into the cell
A

Endocytosis

57
Q

(“cellular eating”)

A
  • phagocytosis
58
Q

(“cellular drinking”)

A
  • Pinocytosis
59
Q
  • Life is a series of chemical reactions and these reactions require ENERGY
A

Cell Metabolism

60
Q

is what happens when you digest food and the molecules break down in the body for use as energy.

A

Catabolism

61
Q

a reaction that requires free energy to proceed.

A

Endergonic

62
Q

energy in food molecules is released and converted to a form that can be used by the cell which is ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

A
  • Cellular Respiration
63
Q
  • This energy comes from ATP molecules
A

Cellular Metabolism

64
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy

65
Q

NAD

A

Nicotinamide Adenine dinucleotide

66
Q

FAD

A

Flavin adenine dinucleotide)

67
Q

Glycolysis occurs

A

cytoplasm

68
Q

Krebs cycle and ETC occurs in

A

mitochondria

69
Q
  • It involves the breakdown of glucose to 2 pyruvate or pyruvic acid
A

Glycolysis

70
Q

Glycolysis

A

glucose become 2 pyruvate acid
two atp is produced and 2 nadh is released

71
Q

Preparatory reaction

A

pyruvate moves in the mitochondria converted to 2 acetyl CoA.
2 Nadh is produced and 2 Co2 is released.

72
Q

Citric Acid Cycle

A

Carbons from initial glucose are oxidized. the cycle releases 2 Co2, 3 Nadh, 1 fadh, 1Atp

73
Q

Citric Acid Cycle Parts

A

Citrate
Isocitrate
alpha ketoglutarate
Succinyl CoA
Succinate
Fumarate
Malate
Oxaloacetate

74
Q

Each Citric Acid Cycle creates

A

3 NADH, 1 FADH2, and 2 CO2

75
Q
  • Series of proteins found in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
A

Electron Transport Chain

76
Q

NADH AND FADH YIELD

A

2.5 1.5

77
Q

Net Atp

A

32

78
Q
  • NADH transfers its electrons directly to pyruvate, generating lactate
A

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION

NatSc12 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions