Unit 3 AOS 2: Managing Employees Flashcards
Relationship between managing employees and business objectives
- It is the employee’s that work to achieve business objectives
- Without employee input, objectives cannot be achieved
e. g. if a business wants to increase sales the marketing employees need to create promotional material
What are the levels of Maslow’s hierarchy?
- Self actualisation
- Self esteem
- Social
- Safety
- Physiological
Maslows: physiological needs
- Basic needs such as food, water and other physical requirements
- To help employee’s reach this need they could provide the employee with a job and give payment for job
Maslows: safety needs
- Security and protection from physical and emotional harm
- To help an employee reach this need you could create job security and ensure the employee has safe and healthy work conditions
Maslows: social need
- Affection, acceptance and friendship in peer groups
- Relevance to employees could be having friendly work associates and organising employee activities
Maslows: self-esteem needs
- Respect and self accomplishment
- Could reach this need by offer promotions and giving rewards (bonuses) for good work
Maslows: self-actualisation
- Is the ultimate need
- Refers to personal fulfilment, reaching full potential
- Could reach this need by using participative management style and issuing challenging work for employee creativity
Locke and Latham’s goal-setting theory
Specific goals: goals need to be clear and specific
Challenging goals: goals need to be challenging but achievable
Locke and Latham: moderator variables
- Have the ability to strengthen or weaken the effects possible from goal-setting
- Ability: employee’s should have the ability to achieve goals
- Performance feedback: feedback is essential to increase performance
- Goal commitment: success is only possible if the individual is committed to achieving the goal
- Task complexity: the task must be straightforward so people feel as if they can complete the goal
- Situational resources: people need appropriate information and materials to complete tasks
Lawrence and Nohria Four Drive Theory
- Acquire
- Bond
- Comprehend
- Defend
Lawrence and Nohria: Acquire
- Relates to an individuals desire to acquire goods and services in life
Business setting, - Creating incentives to drive performance, remuneration
Lawrence and Nohria: Bond
- Relates to an individual desire to form long-term relationships
Business setting, - Having social interactions, team building tasks, celebrations
Lawrence and Nohria: Learn
- Relates to an individuals desire to continuously learn new things
Business setting, - Having mentors, training and development programs to learn new things and potentially advance to new jobs
Lawrence and Nohria: Defend
- Relates to an individuals desire to defend themselves and who they care about
Business setting, - Defending the company in general, taking pride in the values/beliefs of the business
Motivation strategies
- Performance related pay
- Career advancement
- Investment in training
- Support and sanction
Motivation strategy: performance related pay
- Salary/wages system on how well an employee works
- Greater production, or greater number of sales = greater the income
Motivation strategy: Career advancement
- Opportunity of developing your career through being promoted/taking on new roles
Motivation strategy: Investment in training
- Business paying for training programs to develop the employees skills and knowledge
- Makes them more efficient and effective in their role
Motivation strategy: support
- Manager instilling belief in the employee
- Mentors to help overcome problems and seize opportunities
Motivation strategy: sanction
- Refers to punishments for failure to meet or comply with business objectives
Advantage/disadvantage of performance related pay
Advantage:
- Very goal focused
Disadvantages:
- Becomes very competitive and potentially conflicting/selfish
Advantage/disadvantage of career advancement
Advantage:
- Very personal goal focused
Disadvantage:
- Hard to focus on team goals
Advantage/disadvantage of investment in training
Advantage:
- Usually targeted at business objectives e.g. a specific area of improvement
Disadvantage:
- Can be financially expensive
Advantage/disadvantage of support
Advantage:
- Employees feel valued and respected
Disadvantage:
- May take a long time to see benefits develop
Advantage/disadvantage of sanction
Advantage:
- Can lead to focused and hopefully predictable responses
Disadvantage:
- Builds negative fearful culture
