Unit 3

Question 1

Fundamental property

Answer 1

A characteristic of a phenomenon that exists independent of its measurement

Question 2

Fundamental properties of behavior

Answer 2

Temporal locus
Temporal extent
Repeatability

Question 3

Dimensional Quantity

Answer 3

A quantifiable (measurable) aspect of a fundamental property

Question 4

Dimensional quantities of behavior

Answer 4

Latency, Duration, Countability, IRT, Rate, Celeration

Question 5

Data

Answer 5

The quantitative results of deliberate, planned, and usually controlled observation

Question 6

Datum

Answer 6

Singular form of the term ‘data’

Question 7

Characteristics of a good response definition

Answer 7

Objective
Clear
Complete

Question 8

Continuous (direct) response measures

Answer 8

Directly measure a dimensional quantity of behavior

Question 9

Discontinuous (indirect) response measures

Answer 9

Do not measure behavior directly; most measure a dimensionless quantity (usually percent)

Question 10

Dimensional quantities of continuous response measures

Answer 10

Event
Latency
Duration
IRT

Question 11

Event recording(frequency recording)

Answer 11

Record time 
observation began
Count the responses
Record time observation ended
Divide: Count/unit of timeReport as rate per unit of time

Question 12

Event recording of restricted operants

Answer 12

Record each response
Record time observation ended
Report as (Responses/Antecedents)/unit of time

Question 13

2 Types of Duration recording

Answer 13

Duration per session

Duration per occurrence

Question 14

Duration per session

Answer 14

Total amount of time an individual engages in an activity

Question 15

Duration per occurrence

Answer 15

Amount of time a target behavior occupies

Question 16

Latency Recording

Answer 16

Specify whento start recording (at the onset or the offset of the stimulus).Specify when to stop recording (at the beginning or end of the response cycle).

Question 17

Inter-response time (IRT) recording

Answer 17

Start timing at the END of the response cycle.Stop timing at the BEGINNING of the next response cycle.

Question 18

Estimating mean IRT’s

Answer 18

Use when responses are distributed across the observation period, there are no significant outliers and you know the rate. Formula: Recording interval/count

Question 19

Dimensionless quantities of discontinuous response measures

Answer 19

Percent occurrence
Trials to criterion
Discrete categorization
Partial interval recording
Whole interval recording
Momentary time sampling
PLACHECK

Question 20

Percent occurrence

Answer 20

Similar to event recording of a restricted or discriminated operant which has been converted into a percent

Question 21

Percent correct

Answer 21

A special case of percent occurrence

Question 22

Trials to criterion

Answer 22

The number of consecutive opportunities to respond required to achieve a performance standard.Record each opportunity to respond until the performance standard is met.

Question 23

Trials to criterion steps

Answer 23

1. Determine what one trial will be
2. Decide how to report (number of trials or number of block trials)
3. Record count as the measure
4. Present data

Question 24

Discrete categorization(coding)

Answer 24

A method for classifying responses into discrete categories

Question 25

Partial interval recording

Answer 25

A discontinuous response measure. Arecording session is broken into short intervals of time; occurrence is recorded if a response happens during any part of the interval

Question 26

Whole interval recording

Answer 26

A discontinuous response measure.Arecording session is broken into short intervals of time; occurrence is recorded if the behavior occurs for the whole interval

Question 27

Momentary time sampling

Answer 27

A discontinuous response measure.Aresponse is recorded as occurring only if it occurs at the point in time in which an interval ends.

Question 28

PLACHECK

Answer 28

A group of individuals is observed at the end of an intervalCount how many of individuals are engaging in the target behavior(s)Compare with the total number of individualsPercent of individuals engaging in behavior(s)

Question 29

Factors to consider when selecting a response measure

Answer 29

The dimensional quantity of interest.The estimated rate of the behavior.Whether to measure responses or episodes.Data collection: who, when, where, how long and how often

Question 30

Permanent products

Answer 30

Measuring the results (or products) of behavior

Question 31

Reliability

Answer 31

The consistency of measurement

Question 32

Interobserver agreement

Answer 32

The coefficient of agreement between two or more independentobservers.Usually calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of agreements by the total number of agreements plus disagreements, then multiplying by 100.

Question 33

Uses for IOA

Answer 33

Competence of new observers,Detecting observer drift,Validate collection methods,Increase confidence that interventions are responsible for behavior change

Question 34

IV integrity

Answer 34

The degree to which an intervention is implemented as described/designated

Question 35

The two main methods of IOA

Answer 35

Total countPercent agreement

Question 36

Mean count per intervalIOA

Answer 36

Total agreement in each interval over Number of intervalsX 100

Question 37

Exact count per intervalIOA

Answer 37

of intervals with 100% agreement over Number of intervalsX 100

Question 38

IOA Guidelines

Answer 38

80% or aboveCollected and scored for a minimum of 33% of observations.