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World History > Unit 3/4 > Flashcards

Unit 3/4 Flashcards

1
Q

Ahuramazda

A

Supreme God in Zoroastrianism, which originated in Persia.

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2
Q

Akhenaten

A

Ancient Egyptian Pharaoh, who created Monotheism, but it did not last.

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3
Q

Babylon

A

Civilization that came to be in Mesopotamia

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4
Q

City State

A

Originated in Mesopotamia; a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.

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5
Q

Code of Hammurabi

A

Originated in Mesopotamia named after a ruler named Hammurabi; first extensive set of rules established to meet the requirements of justice.

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6
Q

Cuneiform

A

Originated in Mesopotamia; first extensive writing system.

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7
Q

Cyrus the Great

A

Emperor of Persian empire; loved for many reasons including his mercy as he won the approval of many of the people he conquered by not just having Persians lead government in his satraps, but also native people.

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8
Q

Darius

A

Empire of Persia, father of Xerxes, went to war with the Greeks.

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9
Q

Delta

A

The region where a river gathers its main source of water and the land is very fertile.

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10
Q

Epic of Gilgamesh

A

Literature from Ancient Mesopotamia. Explores the after life and immortality.

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11
Q

Giza

A

A city on the outskirts of Cairo, home of the pyramids and sphinx.

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12
Q

Royal Road

A

A road in Persia that stretched all the way across the Persian empire.

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13
Q

Hatshepsut

A

First woman pharaoh that we know of; had a ton of power.

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14
Q

Hieroglyphs

A

First writing system in ancient Egypt, the letters are called Glyphs and look like pictures.

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15
Q

Magi

A

Priests of Persia

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16
Q

Menes

A

Founder of first dynasty of ancient Egypt.

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17
Q

Mummification

A

A process that prepares the dead in Egypt for the after life.

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18
Q

Osiris

A

Egyptian god of the deceased.

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19
Q

Pharaoh

A

A ruler in ancient Egypt, often thought of as a god

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20
Q

Prophet

A

A messenger of some sort often delivers messages from god.

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21
Q

Sargon

A

Ancient king of Mesopotamia

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22
Q

Satrap

A

Governor or ruler of provinces in Persia

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23
Q

Theocracy

A

A state in which religion is intertwined with political power

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24
Q

Tutenkhamen

A

King Tut, most of what we know about ancient Egypt we know because of his ruins.

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25
Q

Uruk

A

Ancient Mesopotamian city in Sumer

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26
Q

Bureaucracy

A

Form of government in which power is held by political officials elected by the people.

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27
Q

Vizier

A

Second in command to the Pharoah in Ancient Egypt

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28
Q

Theocracy

A

A state in which religion is intertwined with political power.

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29
Q

Vedas

A

Ancient Hindu scriptures

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30
Q

Buddhism

A

Asian religion founded in India by Siddartha Gautama

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31
Q

Siddartha Gautama

A

Buddha; became the Buddha by escaping his kingdom he was locked away in (was a prince in India), letting go of material possessions.

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32
Q

Four Noble Truths

A
  1. Human life has a lot of suffering (Dukkha), 2. The cause of suffering is greed (wanting things), 3. There is an end to suffering, 4. The way to end suffering is to follow the middle path (not wanting).
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33
Q

The Wheel

A
  • Symbol in Buddhism, not only symbolizes the eightfold path but also the cycle of life.
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34
Q

Aura

A

Your energy field (Buddhism)

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35
Q

Lotus

A

Associated with purity and faith (Buddhism).

36
Q

Stupas

A

Filled with relics

37
Q

Missionaries

A

People who spread the ideas of faith

38
Q

Mandate of Heaven-

A

Ruler must keep the approval of the gods, natural disasters were signs that the ruler was losing the approval of the gods

39
Q

Analects

A

Confucius’ ideas and sayings.

40
Q

Ahsoka

A

Grandson of Chandraguptan Maurya
Converted to Buddhism
Used Buddhist ideals to guide his rule
Had many edicts which were guided by Buddhism

41
Q

Brahman

A

Everything; “Supreme Unifying Force of the Universe”

42
Q

Brahma

A

Creator(Hinduism

43
Q

Vishnu

A

The preservers

44
Q

Shiva

45
Q

Brahmin

A

Priests(Hinduism)

46
Q

The Mauryan Empire

A

First Indian empire
Located in Northern India; Ganges Valley
Blend of both Hinduism and Buddhism
Founder was Chandraguptan Maurya, who ruled from 324-301 BCE.

47
Q

Chandraguptan Maurya

A

First ruler of Mauryan Empire
Establish Provinces
Drove out foreign forces
Used secret police
Blended Buddhism and Hinduism

48
Q

Pericles

A

Leader of Athens

49
Q

Civilization Charecteristics

A

Culture
Faith
Economy
Government
Social Structure/Social Hierarchy
Development of Cities
Art/Architecture
Development of Cities
Military
Writing

50
Q

Legalists

A

Believed that humans were by nature evil

51
Q

Yin Yang

A

The Chinese believed life was a dynamic process between light and dark; good and evil (Daoism).

52
Q

Qin Dynasty

A

Originated after the Warring States period

53
Q

Dao

A

The way; the path; the force that runs through all of the natural world

54
Q

Daoism

A

Harmony and balance with the universe; work with the flow, “just be”

55
Q

Merit System

A

People get position because they are qualified for that position.

56
Q

Laozi

A

Originated Daoism

57
Q

Legalism

A

All about control, thinks that humans need to be controlled as they are not good.

58
Q

Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

A

Some of the earliest ever city states

59
Q

Ziggurat

A

Steps leading up to the temple in Mesopotamian city states

60
Q

Social Hierarchy

A

A social class system with rankings, based on a multitude of things such as wealth, profession, and even gender.

61
Q

Standard of Ur

A

Artwork that shows the different groups of Mesopotamia, made with a stone from Afghanistan showing trade.

62
Q

Akkadian Empire

A

First ever empire Sargon was the leader

63
Q

The Nile

A

River through Egypt floods at regular intervals, helping farming

64
Q

Consensual vs. Coercive Power

A

Consensual is the leading of people who want the leader to rule while coercive is leading people through violence.

65
Q

Palette of Narmer

A

Shows conquering and the merging of upper and lower Egypt

66
Q

Old Kingdom

A

Pyramid Age, organized government in a bureacracy.

67
Q

Middle Kingdom

A

“Golden Age” Height of the Egyptian’s power

68
Q

New Kingdom

A

Empire Period, conquered a lot of land

69
Q

Menes

A

Headress for Ancient Egyptian Pharoas, establishes power

70
Q

Papyrus

A

Egyptian paper made from reeds

71
Q

3 Seasons

A

Flooding, Planting, Harvesting

72
Q

Eyes and Ears of the King

A

Persian Spys

73
Q

Persepolis

A

Capital of Persia

74
Q

Apadana

A

Reception Hall

75
Q

Zend Avesta

A

Book of Zorioastrianism

76
Q

Acropolis

A

Hill leading up to a temple in Greek city states.

77
Q

Agora

A

Market and political area near the Acropolis

78
Q

Pathenon

A

Great temple dedicated to Athena.

79
Q

Draco

A

Harsh laws and penalties

80
Q

Solon

A

Cancelled land debts and freed debt slaves

81
Q

Cleisthenes

A

Created council of 500

82
Q

Ostracon

A

Ostrices people

83
Q

Hellenistic vs. Hellenic

A

Hellenic is just Greece, Hellenistic is the combined culture of Greece.

84
Q

Phillip

A

Alexander the Great’s father took over Greece after their civil war

85
Q

Dharma

A

Purpose of the living soul(Hindu)

86
Q

Karma

A

The sum of a person’s actions throughout their lives.

87
Q

Dragon Bones

A

Written records of the Shang dynasty

World History (6 decks)

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