Unit 3

Question 1

Developmental psychology

Answer 1

branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, & social-emotional development throughout the lifespan

Question 2

Cross-sectional study

Answer 2

research that compares people of different ages at the same point in time

Question 3

Longitudinal study

Answer 3

research that follows & retests the same people over time

Question 4

Researchers who emphasize learning & experience emphasize what

Answer 4

emphasize development as a slow, continuous shaping process

Question 5

Three phases of prenatal developmen

Answer 5

zygote, embryo, fetus
Can survive outside of the womb by 6 months

Question 6

Teratogens

Answer 6

agents, such as chemicals & viruses, that can cause harm to the embryo or fetus during prenatal development

Question 7

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Answer 7

physical & cognitive function deficits in children caused by their birth mother’s heavy drinking during pregnancy

Question 8

Rooting reflex

Answer 8

when you touch a baby’s cheek, it will turn its mouth towards the source of the touch (searching for a nipple)

Question 9

Sucking reflex

Answer 9

automatically start sucking on anything that is put in their mouth

Question 10

Startle reflex

Answer 10

arms & legs spring out, fists clench & start crying

Question 11

Grasping reflex

Answer 11

automatically grasp onto things when pressure is put on their palm

Question 12

Habituation

Answer 12

decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation; as infants gain familiarity with repeated exposure to a stimulus, their interest wanes & they look away sooner

Question 13

Maturation

Answer 13

biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience
- Babies first stand, then walk; they use nouns before they use verbs

Question 14

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)

Answer 14

severe deprivation or abuse can slow development, but genetic growth patterns are predisposed (inborn)