Unit 3

Question 1

Density dependent factors

Answer 1

a factor that influences the individuals probability of survival and reproduction that depends on the size of the population

Question 2

Limiting resource

Answer 2

a factor that can slow down or stop a population from growing because it is not an infinite resource

Question 3

Carrying capacity (k)

Answer 3

the maximum number a population can carry

Question 4

Density independent factors

Answer 4

a factor that has the same impact on a population no matter the size

Question 5

Example of a density independent factor

Answer 5

Natural disasters

Question 6

Population growth models

Answer 6

can be used to describe the growth of a population on a graph. Can be

Question 7

Population distribution

Answer 7

how individuals are spread in an area

Question 8

Population size (N)

Answer 8

the total number of individuals in an area at a given time

Question 9

Random distribution

Answer 9

random distribution. Ex. trees

Question 10

Uniform distribution

Answer 10

Even distribution everywhere. Ex plantation

Question 11

Clumped distribution

Answer 11

high distribution in some areas. Ex in areas where resources are concentrated, social groups, or predators and flocking birds. Is the most common dispersion

Question 12

Intrinsic growth rate (r)

Answer 12

the maximum number of individuals a population can have when environment and resources are optimal

Question 13

Exponential growth model

Answer 13

when a population grows at their intrinsic rate

Question 14

Age structure diagrams

Answer 14

show the distribution of individuals in each age group through population pyramids

Question 15

Sloped triangle pyramid

Answer 15

shows a stable growth where there are a ton of young people but very little old people

Question 16

Top heavy

Answer 16

when there are more old people than young people. Means that the population will shrink

Question 17

Column

Answer 17

when there are an even amount of old and young people. Means that the population will stay the same

Question 18

Population momentum

Answer 18

when a country keeps growing despite growth reduction measures

Question 19

Theory of Demographic Transition

Answer 19

a theory that describes the changes in population, mortality, and fertility based on industrialization

Question 20

Pre-industrial stage

Answer 20

slow population growth because CBR and CDR are the same. There is high mortality

Question 21

Transitional stage

Answer 21

rapid population growth because the nation industrializes and there is low mortality because of better living conditions. There is a cultural lag

Question 22

Industrial stage

Answer 22

stable population growth because CBR falls when people have access to contraceptives and become richer. Cultural lag catches up with them

Question 23

Post industrial stage

Answer 23

Declining/stabilizing/0 population growth

Question 24

Bottom heavy

Answer 24

a ton of younger people than older people and shows rapid population growth

Question 25

What stage are most developed countries in?

Answer 25

Post industrial stage

Question 26

Total fertility rate

Answer 26

the average number of children a woman will have in her child bearing years

Question 27

Replacement rate average

Answer 27

2.1 children