Struggle words (Unit 4)

Question 1

Troposphere

Answer 1

is where weather occurs and is where most gases are

Question 2

Stratosphere

Answer 2

has an ozone layer which absorbs most toxic UV rays. Is really hot

Question 3

Mesosphere

Answer 3

protects Earth from meteors by making them burn up. It is the coldest and has low air pressure

Question 4

Thermosphere

Answer 4

blocks harmful X ray and UV radiation from reaching out. Is characterized by high temperature.

Question 5

Latent heat

Answer 5

the heat or energy that is absorbed or released during a phase change of a substance

Question 6

Rainshadow

Answer 6

a region having little rainfall because it is sheltered from prevailing rain-bearing winds by a range of hills

Question 7

Gyres

Answer 7

Gyres are large swirling currents that move the surface water of the Earth, like whirlpools in the oceans. Cold water drifts down to the west sides of every continent

Question 8

Easterlies/trade winds

Answer 8

Located at the poles. Moves east to west

Question 9

westerlie

Answer 9

Located at the equator. Move west to east

Question 10

ENSO

Answer 10

Warming of the ocean surface. Easterlie winds weaken or turn into westerlie winds, so the Pacific Ocean area gets hot and starts to rain more. Places like southeast asia cool down and do not get a lot of rain

Question 11

La Nina

Answer 11

Cooling of the ocean surface. Easterlie winds become stronger and the Pacific Ocean area gets colder and rains less. Places like Southeast asia warm up and rain more

Question 12

Inner core

Answer 12

solid

Question 13

Outer core

Answer 13

magma

Question 14

Mantle

Answer 14

lava that circulates in convection cells

Question 15

Asthenosphere

Answer 15

outer part of the mantle that is composed of semi-molten rock

Question 16

Epicenter

Answer 16

the part of the crust directly above where the Earthquake’s origin was

Question 17

Hot spot

Answer 17

when magma comes up to the surface and forms islands (like Hawaii)

Question 18

Igneous rock

Answer 18

rock that is formed from magma and has a lot of nutrients

Question 19

Metamorphic

Answer 19

rock that is transformed physically or chemically (can be temperature or high pressure)

Question 20

Soil degradation

Answer 20

when soil isn’t able to grow stuff in it anymore

Question 21

Humus

Answer 21

the bottom layer of the O horizon with all the stuff fully decomposed