Biodiversity

Question 1

bottleneck effect

Answer 1

when a population shrinks, the genetic variation also shrinks

Question 2

founder effect

Answer 2

when some organisms from a species colonizes a new territory so the genetic variation is limited to what the founders carried

Question 3

natural selection

Answer 3

survival of the fittest

Question 4

artificial selection

Answer 4

when humans purposely breed certain animals to get certain traits, is limited to the animals given

Question 5

GMO

Answer 5

when humans inject genes from one animal into another, is rapid and u can use any animal

Question 6

gene flow

Answer 6

movement of organisms = movement of genes

Question 7

genetic drift

Answer 7

change of gene variation frequency because of random chance

Question 8

allopatric speciation

Answer 8

geographic isolation

Question 9

sympatric speciation

Answer 9

speciation caused by everything but geographic isolation

Question 10

reproductive isolation

Answer 10

when two populations of a species evolved so differently that if they mate their children die

Question 11

polyploidy

Answer 11

extra chromosomes than ancestors. they can’t mate with diploid relatives

Question 12

Range of tolerance

Answer 12

abiotic conditions under which a species can survive

Question 13

Fundamental niche

Answer 13

abiotic conditions under which a species can grow and reproduce

Question 14

realized niche

Answer 14

abiotic and biotic conditions under which a species can grow and reproduce

Question 15

niche generalists

Answer 15

animals that can live under a wide range of conditions, less likely to die out

Question 16

niche specialists

Answer 16

animals that live under a narrow range of conditions, more likely to die out