Unit 3 Flashcards
Main energy source that cells use for
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
The molecule that is produced when ATP loses its last phosphate (bond between 2nd and 3rd phosphate breaks)
ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
Reactants of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + O2 (glucose and oxygen)
Reactants of Photosynthesis
CO2, H2O, and sunlight energy
(carbon dioxide, water, and light)
Products of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
CO2 + H2O + ATP
Products of Photosynthesis
C6H12O + O2
(glucose and oxygen)
Balanced equation for photosynthesis
Light + 6H2O + 6CO2 = C6H12O6 + 6O2
Balanced equation for cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + O2 = ATP + 6CO2 + H2O
Reactant for Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction)
CO2
Product for Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction)
C6H12O6
Reactants for Light Reactions ( Light Dependent Reaction )
H2O (water) and sunlight
Product for Light Reactions (Light Dependent Reaction)
O2
Aerobic Cellular Respiration Stages
1) Glycolysis
2) Krebs Cycle
3) Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis # of ATP
NET: 2 ATP ( 4 made, 2 used to begin reaction)
Krebs Cycle # of ATP
2 ATP
Electron Transport Chain # ATP
32-34 ATP; makes the MOST ATP of any of the stages
Total amount of ATP produced in Aerobic Cellular Respiration from 1 glucose molecule
36-38
Glycolysis occurs in the . . .
Cytoplasm
Krebs cycle occurs in the . . .
Mitochondria
Electron Transport Chain (ETC) occurs in the . . .
Mitochondria
Light Reactions (Light Dependent Reaction) occurs in the . . .
Thylakoids (in chloroplast)
Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction) occurs in the . . .
Stroma (fluid in chloroplast)
Green pigment (found in chloroplasts) in plants & algae that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis
Chlorophyll
What powers the Calvin Cycle?
ATP and NADPH
AKA fermentation-Respiration that does not require oxygen
Anaerobic Respiration
Two types of anaerobic respiration
Alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation
Passive transport requires . . . (ATP or NO ATP?)
No cellular energy (NO ATP)
Active Transport requires
ATP
Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration ; type of PASSIVE transport
Diffusion
Movement of specific molecules (ex: H2O & Glucose) across cell membranes through channel proteins (they help)
Type of PASSIVE transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane ; type of PASSIVE transport
Osmosis
Cell brings materials INTO the cell (by engulfing it with the cell membrane); type of ACTIVE transport
(REQUIRES ATP)
Endocytosis
Cell move materials out of the cell (by fusion of a vesicle with the membrane); type of ACTIVE transport, requires ATP!
Exocytosis
More solute OUTSIDE the cell than inside, water leaves the cell, cell shrinks. No organism likes this.
(SHRIVELS UP)
Hypertonic Solution
More solute INSIDE than outside, water enters the cell, cell swells. Plants love this solution as it keeps them turgid
Hypotonic Solution
solute equal inside and outside the cell, water moves in and out, cell stays the same size, animal cells love this
Isotonic Solution
