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Biology Honors > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Main energy source that cells use for

A

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

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2
Q

The molecule that is produced when ATP loses its last phosphate (bond between 2nd and 3rd phosphate breaks)

A

ADP (adenosine diphosphate)

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3
Q

Reactants of Aerobic Cellular Respiration

A

C6H12O6 + O2 (glucose and oxygen)

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4
Q

Reactants of Photosynthesis

A

CO2, H2O, and sunlight energy
(carbon dioxide, water, and light)

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5
Q

Products of Aerobic Cellular Respiration

A

CO2 + H2O + ATP

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6
Q

Products of Photosynthesis

A

C6H12O + O2
(glucose and oxygen)

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7
Q

Balanced equation for photosynthesis

A

Light + 6H2O + 6CO2 = C6H12O6 + 6O2

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8
Q

Balanced equation for cellular respiration

A

C6H12O6 + O2 = ATP + 6CO2 + H2O

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9
Q

Reactant for Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction)

A

CO2

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10
Q

Product for Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction)

A

C6H12O6

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11
Q

Reactants for Light Reactions ( Light Dependent Reaction )

A

H2O (water) and sunlight

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12
Q

Product for Light Reactions (Light Dependent Reaction)

A

O2

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13
Q

Aerobic Cellular Respiration Stages

A

1) Glycolysis
2) Krebs Cycle
3) Electron Transport Chain

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14
Q

Glycolysis # of ATP

A

NET: 2 ATP ( 4 made, 2 used to begin reaction)

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15
Q

Krebs Cycle # of ATP

A

2 ATP

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16
Q

Electron Transport Chain # ATP

A

32-34 ATP; makes the MOST ATP of any of the stages

17
Q

Total amount of ATP produced in Aerobic Cellular Respiration from 1 glucose molecule

A

36-38

18
Q

Glycolysis occurs in the . . .

A

Cytoplasm

19
Q

Krebs cycle occurs in the . . .

A

Mitochondria

20
Q

Electron Transport Chain (ETC) occurs in the . . .

A

Mitochondria

21
Q

Light Reactions (Light Dependent Reaction) occurs in the . . .

A

Thylakoids (in chloroplast)

22
Q

Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction) occurs in the . . .

A

Stroma (fluid in chloroplast)

23
Q

Green pigment (found in chloroplasts) in plants & algae that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis

A

Chlorophyll

24
Q

What powers the Calvin Cycle?

A

ATP and NADPH

25
Q

AKA fermentation-Respiration that does not require oxygen

A

Anaerobic Respiration

26
Q

Two types of anaerobic respiration

A

Alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation

27
Q

Passive transport requires . . . (ATP or NO ATP?)

A

No cellular energy (NO ATP)

28
Q

Active Transport requires

A

ATP

29
Q

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration ; type of PASSIVE transport

A

Diffusion

30
Q

Movement of specific molecules (ex: H2O & Glucose) across cell membranes through channel proteins (they help)

Type of PASSIVE transport

A

Facilitated Diffusion

31
Q

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane ; type of PASSIVE transport

A

Osmosis

32
Q

Cell brings materials INTO the cell (by engulfing it with the cell membrane); type of ACTIVE transport

(REQUIRES ATP)

A

Endocytosis

33
Q

Cell move materials out of the cell (by fusion of a vesicle with the membrane); type of ACTIVE transport, requires ATP!

A

Exocytosis

34
Q

More solute OUTSIDE the cell than inside, water leaves the cell, cell shrinks. No organism likes this.

(SHRIVELS UP)

A

Hypertonic Solution

35
Q

More solute INSIDE than outside, water enters the cell, cell swells. Plants love this solution as it keeps them turgid

A

Hypotonic Solution

36
Q

solute equal inside and outside the cell, water moves in and out, cell stays the same size, animal cells love this

A

Isotonic Solution

Biology Honors (6 decks)

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